La degradación de los suelos Andisoles y su incidencia en sistema de producción agrícola en el Ecuador

In Ecuador, the Andean region consists of a type of soil called andisol soils, which is a soil of volcanic origin characteristic for being rich in nutrients, organic matter and high fertile quality. Because it is formed by deposits from volcanic eruptions and sediment drag. For reasons of poor agricultural practice due to the lack of knowledge on the part of farmers, causing the deterioration of soils with activities such as tillage, plowing, the constant use of chemicals, due to excessive use of soils to obtain the greatest possible profit without taking into account letting the soil rest from the repeated use that has been given to it by agriculture. For this reason, the process of soil erosion is increasing, which constitutes accelerated soil degradation, which It has as a consequence the reduction of fertile quality, its incidence of gradual loss of nutrients and deterioration of organic matter for agricultural production. One of the options to combat soil degradation, the implementation of soil conservation practices is crucial in seeking to reduce the high percentage of erosion, avoid the loss of fertile soils and in order to conserve organic matter. This would guarantee the economic sustainability of agriculture in the Andean region and the conservation of Andisol soils, being the main valuable resource for agricultural activity and taking care of the environment of the Andean region.

In Ecuador, the Andean region consists of a type of soil called andisol soils, which is a soil of volcanic origin characteristic for being rich in nutrients, organic matter and high fertile quality. Because it is formed by deposits from volcanic eruptions and sediment drag. For reasons of poor agricultural practice due to the lack of knowledge on the part of farmers, causing the deterioration of soils with activities such as tillage, plowing, the constant use of chemicals, due to excessive use of soils to obtain the greatest possible profit without taking into account letting the soil rest from the repeated use that has been given to it by agriculture. For this reason, the process of soil erosion is increasing, which constitutes accelerated soil degradation, which It has as a consequence the reduction of fertile quality, its incidence of gradual loss of nutrients and deterioration of organic matter for agricultural production. One of the options to combat soil degradation, the implementation of soil conservation practices is crucial in seeking to reduce the high percentage of erosion, avoid the loss of fertile soils and in order to conserve organic matter. This would guarantee the economic sustainability of agriculture in the Andean region and the conservation of Andisol soils, being the main valuable resource for agricultural activity and taking care of the environment of the Andean region.

En el Ecuador la región andina consta con un tipo de suelo denominado suelos andisoles, que es un suelo de origen volcánicos característico por ser ricos en nutrientes, materia orgánica y alta calidad fértil. Debido a que esta formado por depósitos de erupciones volcánicas y arrastre de sedimentos. Por motivos de la mala práctica agrícola por la falta de conocimiento de mano de los agricultores, causando el deterioro de los suelos con actividades como la labranza, arado, el uso constante de los químicos, por el uso excesivo de los suelos con la finalidad obtener la mayor ganancia posible sin tomar en cuenta el dejar que el suelo descanse del repetido uso que se le ha dado de la agricultura por esta razón el proceso de erosión del suelo va en aumento lo que constituye a la degradación del suelo de manera acelerada lo que tiene como consecuencia la reducción de la calidad fértil, su incidencia de la pérdida gradual nutrientes y deterioro de la materia orgánica para la producción agraria. Una de las opciones para combatir la degradación de los suelos, es crucial la implementación de prácticas conservadoras de suelo en busca de reducir el alto porcentaje de erosión, evitar la pérdida de suelos fértiles y con los fines de conservan la materia orgánica. Esto garantizaría la sostenibilidad económica de la agricultura en la región andina y la conservación de los suelos andisoles siendo el principal recurso valioso para actividad agrícola y logrando cuidar el medio ambiente de la región andina.