Efectos de la aplicación de fungicidas protectantes en la prevención del Tizón temprano del tomate (Alternaria solani)

This document details the application of protective fungicides and their effects in the prevention of early blight of tomato (Alternaria solani). It should be noted that this disease causes severe damage in tomato plantations, so it is necessary to apply preventive, protective or contact products in order to inhibit the development of the pathogen. Among the conclusions, it is mentioned that protective fungicides are able to inhibit the growth of Alternaria solani strains; However, according to scientific evidence, Mancozeb is the fungicide product that achieves the best results, although it does not have a control effect after symptoms appear; when the symptoms of early blight appear late, the infection rate is apparently lower, the progress of the disease being slower; Protective fungicides present a better response in terms of the incidence and severity of the attack of pests in the plantation; are incapable of generating sufficient protection to the tomato crop individually, although this does not say that they do not have fungistatic or fungitoxic properties and form a barrier on the surface of the plant preventing the germination of spores and are absorbed by the pathogen in toxic proportions, therefore they are of multiple action with respect to cellular functions, which prevents the development of resistance to these products, since it is very difficult for the pathogen to block all the sites of action of the fungicide.

This document details the application of protective fungicides and their effects in the prevention of early blight of tomato (Alternaria solani). It should be noted that this disease causes severe damage in tomato plantations, so it is necessary to apply preventive, protective or contact products in order to inhibit the development of the pathogen. Among the conclusions, it is mentioned that protective fungicides are able to inhibit the growth of Alternaria solani strains; However, according to scientific evidence, Mancozeb is the fungicide product that achieves the best results, although it does not have a control effect after symptoms appear; when the symptoms of early blight appear late, the infection rate is apparently lower, the progress of the disease being slower; Protective fungicides present a better response in terms of the incidence and severity of the attack of pests in the plantation; are incapable of generating sufficient protection to the tomato crop individually, although this does not say that they do not have fungistatic or fungitoxic properties and form a barrier on the surface of the plant preventing the germination of spores and are absorbed by the pathogen in toxic proportions, therefore they are of multiple action with respect to cellular functions, which prevents the development of resistance to these products, since it is very difficult for the pathogen to block all the sites of action of the fungicide.

En el presente documento se detalla la aplicación de fungicidas protectantes y sus efectos en la prevención del Tizón temprano del tomate (Alternaria solani). Hay que destacar que esta enfermedad causa daños severos en la plantación de tomate, por eso es necesario aplicar productos de manera preventivos, de acción protectante o de contacto, a fin de inhibir el desarrollo del patógeno. Entre las conclusiones se mencionan que los fungicidas protectantes logran inhibir el crecimiento de cepas de Alternaria solani; sin embargo según evidencias científicas el Mancozeb es el producto fungicida que logra mejores resultados, a pesar que no tienen efecto de control después que aparecen los síntomas; cuando los síntomas del Tizón temprano aparecen en forma tardía la tasa de infección es aparentemente menor, siendo el progreso de la enfermedad más lento; los fungicidas protectantes presentan mejor respuesta en cuanto a la incidencia y severidad del ataque de plagas en la plantación; son incapaces de generar la suficiente protección al cultivo de tomate de manera individual, aunque con esto no se dice que no tengan propiedades fungistáticas o fungitóxicas y forman una barrera sobre la superficie de la planta impidiendo la germinación de esporas y son absorbidos por el patógeno en proporciones tóxicas, por lo tanto son de acción múltiple respecto de las funciones celulares, lo cual impide el desarrollo de resistencia a estos productos, ya que es muy difícil que el patógeno pueda bloquear todos los sitios de acción del fungicida.