Evaluación de la eficiencia de enraizadores en el incremento de la masa radical del banano (Musa AAA) y su efecto en las poblaciones de nemátodos

In Ecuador the banana area reaches approximately 180,333 hectares, which are distributed mainly in the provinces of Los Ríos, Guayas, El Oro and Esmeraldas. Annual banana production in Los Ríos province represents 43.23%. These cause root destruction and plant overturning and consequently loss of production. For this reason, this work was carried out with the objective of determining the efficacy of four rooters in increasing the root system of the banana crop, effect on the quality of roots, population density of nematodes and the influence on plant height, pseudostem circumference. and foliar emission. The work was carried out at Hda. Banana Katherine, located at km 16 of the Babahoyo - San Juan road, Los Ríos province. The treatments investigated were the rooters Root Track (1 L / ha), Fertisa Kelp (1 L / ha), Wuxal Ascofol (2 L / ha) and Root Feed (10 kg / ha) compared with an untreated control. The completely randomized block design with five treatments and four repetitions was used. The products were applied to the ground around the sword children. Three evaluations were made at 0, 30 and 60 days after the treatments were applied, in each plot and evaluation a sample of roots and soil composed of five plants of 1.50 to 2.0 m in height was taken. The data evaluated were: total weight of the root mass in holes of 13.5 cm3 / plant, Weight of healthy roots damaged by nematodes and other causes, population density of Radopholus similis, Helicotylenchus multicinctus and Meloidogyne spp in roots and soil and physiological characteristics of the plants. The results showed that the rooters Root Track, Fertisa kelp, Wuxal ascofol and Root feed in the indicated doses, did influence the increase of the root mass of the banana plants compared to the non-applied control, especially the Wuxal Ascofol product. The mentioned rooters did not have any positive effect on the production of healthy roots. The Root Track treatment was the one that presented the best results in reducing the population of R. similis, while Root Feed was the one that reduced the population of H. multicintus the most. The Wuxal Ascofol product was the one that showed the best result in reducing the population of soil nematodes. In pseudostem circumference, the best result was recorded by Root Track, while Root feed presented a higher foliar emission.

In Ecuador the banana area reaches approximately 180,333 hectares, which are distributed mainly in the provinces of Los Ríos, Guayas, El Oro and Esmeraldas. Annual banana production in Los Ríos province represents 43.23%. These cause root destruction and plant overturning and consequently loss of production. For this reason, this work was carried out with the objective of determining the efficacy of four rooters in increasing the root system of the banana crop, effect on the quality of roots, population density of nematodes and the influence on plant height, pseudostem circumference. and foliar emission. The work was carried out at Hda. Banana Katherine, located at km 16 of the Babahoyo - San Juan road, Los Ríos province. The treatments investigated were the rooters Root Track (1 L / ha), Fertisa Kelp (1 L / ha), Wuxal Ascofol (2 L / ha) and Root Feed (10 kg / ha) compared with an untreated control. The completely randomized block design with five treatments and four repetitions was used. The products were applied to the ground around the sword children. Three evaluations were made at 0, 30 and 60 days after the treatments were applied, in each plot and evaluation a sample of roots and soil composed of five plants of 1.50 to 2.0 m in height was taken. The data evaluated were: total weight of the root mass in holes of 13.5 cm3 / plant, Weight of healthy roots damaged by nematodes and other causes, population density of Radopholus similis, Helicotylenchus multicinctus and Meloidogyne spp in roots and soil and physiological characteristics of the plants. The results showed that the rooters Root Track, Fertisa kelp, Wuxal ascofol and Root feed in the indicated doses, did influence the increase of the root mass of the banana plants compared to the non-applied control, especially the Wuxal Ascofol product. The mentioned rooters did not have any positive effect on the production of healthy roots. The Root Track treatment was the one that presented the best results in reducing the population of R. similis, while Root Feed was the one that reduced the population of H. multicintus the most. The Wuxal Ascofol product was the one that showed the best result in reducing the population of soil nematodes. In pseudostem circumference, the best result was recorded by Root Track, while Root feed presented a higher foliar emission.

En el Ecuador el área bananera alcanza aproximadamente 180 333 hectáreas, las mismas que están distribuidas principalmente en las provincias de Los Ríos, Guayas, El Oro y Esmeraldas. La producción anual de banano en la provincia de los Ríos representa el 43,23 %. Las plantaciones de banano se ven afectadas por los nematodos lesionadores de raíces, Radopholus similis, Helicotylenchus multicinctius, Pratylenchus spp. y el agallador de raíces Meloidogyne spp. estos causan destrucción de raíces y volcamiento de plantas y por consiguiente pérdida de la producción. Por tal motivo este trabajo se realizó con el objetivo de determinar la eficacia de cuatro enraizadores en el incremento del sistema radical del cultivo de banano, efecto en la calidad de raíces, densidad poblacional de nematodos y la influencia en altura de plantas, circunferencia del pseudotallo y emisión foliar. El trabajo se realizó en la Hda. de banano Katherine, ubicada en el km 16 de la vía Babahoyo - San Juan, provincia de Los Ríos. Los tratamientos investigados fueron los enraizadores Root Track (1 L/ha), Fertisa Kelp (1 L/ha), Wuxal Ascofol (2 L/ha) y Root Feed (10 kg/ha) comparados con un testigo no tratado. Se utilizó el diseño de bloques completamente al azar con cinco tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones. Los productos se aplicaron al suelo alrededor de los hijos de espada. Se hicieron tres evaluaciones a 0, 30 y 60 días después de aplicados los tratamientos, en cada parcela y evaluación se tomó una muestra de raíces y suelo compuesta de cinco plantas de 1.50 a 2.0 m de altura. Los datos evaluados fueron: peso total de la masa radical en hoyos de 13.5 cm3/planta, Peso de raíces sanas y dañadas por nematodos y otras causas, densidad poblacional de Radopholus similis, Helicotylenchus multicinctus y Meloidogyne spp en raíces y suelo y características fisiológicas de las plantas. Los resultados mostraron que los enraizadores Root Track, Fertisa kelp, Wuxal ascofol y Root feed en las dosis indicadas, sí influyeron en el incremento de la masa radical de las plantas de banano en comparación con el testigo no aplicado, especialmente el producto Wuxal Ascofol. Los enraizadores mencionados no tuvieron ningún efecto positivo en la producción de raíces sanas. El tratamiento Root Track fue el que mejor resultados presentó en la disminución de población de R. similis, mientras que Root Feed fue el que más redujo la población de H. multicintus. El producto Wuxal Ascofol fue el que mejor resultado mostró en la reducción de la población de nematodos del suelo. En circunferencia del pseudotallo mejor resultado registró Root Track, mientras que Root feed presentó mayor emisión foliar.