Delving deeper: Metabolic processes in the metalimnion of stratified lakes: Metalimnetic metabolism in lakes
2016
Giling, Darren P | Staehr, Peter A | Grossart, Hans Peter | Andersen, Mikkel René | Boehrer, Bertram | Escot, Carmelo | Evrendilek, Fatih | Gómez-Gener, Lluís | Honti, Mark | Jones, Ian D | Karakaya, Nusret | Laas, Alo | Moreno-Ostos, Enrique | Rinke, Karsten | Scharfenberger, Ulrike | EMASESA | EMASESA | Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) | Danish Centre for Lake Restoration (CLEAR) | Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Germany | Aarhus University | Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Germany | University of Copenhagen | Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Germany | Emasesa - Empresa Metropolitana de Abastecimiento y Saneamiento de Aguas de Sevilla | Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University | Universitat de Barcelona | Hungarian Academy of Sciences | Centre for Ecology & Hydrology | Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University | Estonian University of Life Sciences | University of Malaga | Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Germany | Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Germany | 0000-0002-6898-1429
Many lakes exhibit seasonal stratification, during which they develop strong thermal and chemical gradients. An expansion of depth‐integrated monitoring programs has provided insight into the importance of organic carbon processing that occurs below the upper mixed layer. However, the chemical and physical drivers of metabolism and metabolic coupling remain unresolved, especially in the metalimnion. In this depth zone, sharp gradients in key resources such as light and temperature co‐occur with dynamic physical conditions that influence metabolic processes directly and simultaneously hamper the accurate tracing of biological activity. We evaluated the drivers of metalimnetic metabolism and its associated uncertainty across 10 stratified lakes in Europe and North America. We hypothesized that the metalimnion would contribute highly to whole‐lake functioning in clear oligotrophic lakes, and that metabolic rates would be highly variable in unstable polymictic lakes. Depth‐integrated rates of gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (ER) were modelled from diel dissolved oxygen curves using a Bayesian approach. Metabolic estimates were more uncertain below the epilimnion, but uncertainty was not consistently related to lake morphology or mixing regime. Metalimnetic rates exhibited high day‐to‐day variability in all trophic states, with the metalimnetic contribution to daily whole‐lake GPP and ER ranging from 0% to 87% and
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