The paradox of nutrition-related diseases in the Arab countries: The need for action
2011
Musaiger A.O. | Hassan A.S. | Obeid O. | Musaiger, A.O., Nutrition and Health Studies Unit, Deanship of Scientific Research, University of Bahrain, Sakhair, Zallaq Street, Bahrain, United States, Arab Center for Nutrition, Street 1535, Muharraq, Bahrain | Hassan, A.S., Department of Health Sciences, Qatar University, University Avenue, Qatar | Obeid, O., Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Bliss Street, Lebanon | Musaiger, A. O.; Nutrition and Health Studies Unit, Deanship of Scientific Research, University of Bahrain, Sakhair, Zallaq Street, Bahrain; email: [email protected] | University: American University of Beirut; Faculty: Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences; Department: Nutrition and Food Sciences; | Nutrition and Food Sciences | [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] | Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences | Musaiger, AO | Hassan, AS | Obeid, O | Musaiger, AO (reprint author), Univ Bahrain, Nutr and Hlth Studies Unit, Zallaq St, Sakhair, Bahrain. | American University of Beirut
The aim of this review was to highlight the current situation of nutrition-related diseases in the Arab countries, and factors associated with prevalence of these diseases. PubMed and Google Scholar were searched for data relating to such nutrition-related diseases published between January 1990 and May 2011. The picture of nutritional status in the Arab countries has changed drastically over the past 30 years as a result of changes in the social and economic situation. Two contrasting nutrition-related diseases exist, those associated with inadequate intake of nutrients and unhealthy dietary habits such as growth retardation among young children and micronutrient deficiencies; and those associated with changes in lifestyle such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, osteoporosis, diabetes and obesity (diet-related non-communicable diseases). Factors contributing to nutritional problems vary from country to country, depending on socio-economic status. In general, unsound dietary habits, poor sanitation, poverty, ignorance and lack of access to safe water and health services are mainly responsible for under-nutrition. Changes in lifestyle and dietary habits as well as inactivity are associated with the occurrence of diet-related non-communicable diseases. Programs to prevent and control nutrition-related diseases are insufficient and ineffective, due mainly to a focus on curative care at the expense of preventive health care services, lack of epidemiological studies, lack of nutritional surveillance, inadequate nutrition information and lack of assessment of the cost-effectiveness of nutrition intervention programs. © 2011 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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