IMPROVEMENT SYSTEM OF BIOLOGICAL FACTORS MANAGEMENT IN THE BREEDING OF FARM ANIMALS

Due to economical transformations of 1990-s in the sphere of milking cows breeding its profitability has grown low on many Russian cow-breeding farms, which was accompanied by the deterioration of zootechnical registration, selection and analytical approach to salvation of agro industrial complex topical problems. It caused the necessity of animal breeding enterprises reorganization. The introduction of intensive technologies, intellectual and methodical potential of domestic and foreign science to the animal breeding set a number of new problems before zootechnicians and stock-breeders. One of these tasks - improving the management of breeding and, especially, its biological factors (heritability, genetic correlations, the effect of heterosis, etc.). The situation is complicated by the fact that currently used in the selection of inbreeding, which often leads to inbreeding depression on intensity of growth, live weight, reproductive qualities and other selection signs. For the decision it is problems us researches of influence of inbreeding on efficiency of Black-and-White cows have been conducted. In scientific work the results of a comparative evaluation of milk yield of cows with inbreeding and conventional breeding. In the scientific is work studied the percentage of heifers and steers at calving, the number of calves-twins, stillborn calves and abortions in inbreeding and normal of animals groups. Inbreeding no had significant effect on stillbirths. The percentage of Holstein genes may influence of the sexes ratio in their offspring. The article presents the analysis of the level of development and the trends of production and selection in dairy cattle breeding, given prognosis for pig-breeding in Russia, a scheme of management of biological factors of selection, is work said about results of selection of Black-and-White, Simmental and Holstein cattle, also pig in Orel region.