Species-Dependent Response of <i>Brassica chinensis</i> L. to Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> Gradients Influences Uptake and Utilization of Soil Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium
2024
Songmei Shi | Xinju Wang | Huakang Li | Jiajun Song | Xinhua He | Zhengan Yang
Employing elevated CO<sub>2</sub> (eCO<sub>2</sub>), similar to increasing atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> in a greenhouse, is a common practice used to increase vegetable crop yields. However, the responses of nutrient availability, nutrient uptake and use efficiency in leafy vegetables to eCO<sub>2</sub> remain largely unknown. The plant biomass production, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) contents, nutrient uptake, and soil enzymatic activities of three <i>Brassica chinensis</i> varieties of ‘Longpangqing’, ‘Heimeiren’ and ‘Qingjiangbai’ were thus assessed under ambient CO<sub>2</sub> (C0, 420/470 ppm, day/night) and eCO<sub>2</sub> (C1, C0 + 33.3%C0; C2, C0 + 66.7%C0; and C3, C0 + 100%C0) for 4 months. Biomass production was significantly enhanced in these three tested <i>B. chinensis</i> varieties along with eCO<sub>2</sub> gradients, with the highest biomass production under C3. Moreover, the eCO<sub>2</sub> significantly increased plant N and K uptake, P and K use efficiency, soil saccharase, urease, and phosphatase activities, but decreased plant P content, soil available N and K, and catalase activity. Under eCO<sub>2</sub>, ‘Qingjiangbai’ exhibited higher biomass production and P and K uptake, without a decrease in soil available N and P. Consequently, more external fertilizer supplementation (especially N, followed by K) is required to maintain or promote <i>Brassica chinensis</i> yield under eCO<sub>2</sub>, while these management strategies must be carefully considered for different crop varieties.
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