Bacteriological Quality Assessment of Groundwater and Surface Water in Chennai
2020
SK. Jasmine Shahina, D. Sandhiya and Summera Rafiq
Water bodies have played a vital role throughout civilizations in the growth and continue to be a factor of importance in the modern economic growth of all the contemporary societies. Contamination of water sources with microbes can occur through rainfall overflow and agricultural inputs, mixing with sewage effluents. Water acts as a medium for the proliferation and dissemination of bacteria which causes human disease. Therefore, consumption of safe water is one of the most important requirements in public health. A total of 20 water samples were collected from both surface and groundwater from in and around Chennai. The MPN index of the surface water was found to be high when compared with groundwaters. Total coliform count of as many as 1100 MPN/100 mL and greater were obtained. A total of 11 different bacterial species were identified from both ground and surface water samples. The prevalence of bacterial isolates was of Staphylococcus aureus, CoNS, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio cholera, Salmonella typhi, Aeromonas hydrophila and Citrobacter freundii. These organisms were resistant to many classes of antibiotics. The facts on multiple antibiotic resistance profiles of bacteria isolated from water and the resistance patterns suggested that there has been an indiscriminate use of the antibiotics tested. High occurrence of these multiple antibiotic resistant organisms in the drinking water distribution system could potentially pose a threat to humans consuming this water.
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