'Mochikinuka', a new two-rowed waxy hulled barley cultivar with superior characteristics of food quality
2019
Yamaguchi, M. | Oozeki, M. | Sotome, T. | Oyama, M. | Kato, T. | Sekiwa, T. | Mochizuki, T. | Okiyama, T. | Haruyama, N. | Takayama, T. | Arai, Y. | Watanabe, H. | Arai, S. | Toyoshima, T. | Suzuki, Y. | Saito, T. | Usui, M. | Tsukahara, T. | Yoshinari, Y. | Shirama, K. | Nagamine, T.
A new two-rowed, hulled, food barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivar, Mochikinuka (MK), was bred from the cross <Daikei LM1/Sachiho Golden*4//Daikei RF0831>(F2)/3/Daikei HL9-2-6, and developed by the Tochigi Prefectural Agricultural Experimental Station. This is the first amylose-free (wax-b) waxy cultivar introduced the lipoxygenase-1 null (lox1-2005). The cultivar additionally had the proanthocyanidin-free (ant28-494), which prevented discoloration of pearled grains after boiling similar to the donor cultivar Tochinoibuki (TI). To determine the characteristics of MK, we used the leading and progenitor cultivars Sachiho Golden (SG) and TI as the control. The β-glucan content of MK was approximately 1.5-times as large as that of SG and TI. The eating qualities of boiled pearled grains such as hardness, stickiness and flavor of MK were superior to those of the others. Pearling tests showed that the occurrence rates of vitreous grains and broken kernels of MK were significantly low compared with those of the others. The brightness of pearled grains of MK was greater than that of SG and similar to that of TI, while the yellowness of MK was slightly intense. Yield trials performed at our breeding field showed that MK matured 1 day later than the others and had the shortest culm. The number of spikes was TI > MK > SG, and 1000-grain weight was MK ≈ SG > TI, but the number of kernels per spike was SG ≈ TI > MK; grain yield of MK was therefore approximately 92% of that of SG and comparable to that of TI. The tolerance of pre-harvest sprouting was SG > MK ≈ TI, the latter two were estimated to be small. MK was highly resistant to barley yellow mosaic virus type I to V by resistance genes of rym3 and rym5, but susceptible to soil-born wheat mosaic virus.
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