Shaping Microbiota During the First 1000 Days of Life

Given that the host-microbe interaction is shaped by the immune system response, it is important to understand the key immune system-microbiota relationship during the period from conception to the first years of life. The present work summarizes the available evidence concerning human reproductive microbiota, and also, the microbial colonization during early life, focusing on the potential impact on infant development and health outcomes. Furthermore, we conclude that some dietary strategies including specific probiotics and other-biotics could become potentially valuable tools to modulate the maternal-neonatal microbiota during this early critical window of opportunity for targeted health outcomes throughout the entire lifespan.

A.S. acknowledges Generalitat Valenciana-European Social Fund (ACIF/2021) for the predoctoral fellowship grant. E.F.V thanks to a Predoctoral grant awarded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the European Social Fund Plus (ESF+) for the training of doctors within the framework of the State Plan for Scientific, Technical and Innovation Research 2021–2023. (ref. CEX2021-001189-S-20-1). M.B. thanks the post-PhD grant “Juan de la Cierva” (ref. JDC2022-050269-I) supported by the Spanish government MCIN/AEI. R.C.R. thanks Generalitat-Valenciana for the grant Plan GenT project (CDEIGENT 2020). M.C.C. would like to acknowledge the Support by H2020-ERC Starting Grant (ref. 639226), by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCIN) research grant (ref. PID2022-139475OB-I00) and also, by grants from LaMarató-TV3 (DIM-2-ELI, ref. 2018-27/30-31), and also, from Generalitat Valenciana with PROMETEO-Excellence group grant (Ref. 012/2020).

With funding from the Spanish government through the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2021-001189-S)

Peer reviewed