Analysis of productive and biological parameters of age-1+ carp crossbreed obtained by synthetic selection method in the Polissya zone of Ukraine

Purpose. To provide a comprehensive productive and biological characteristic and conduct a comparative analysis of the main productive parameters between purebred age-1+ Lyubin scaly carps and crossbreeds, which were obtained from crossing the offspring of Antoniny-Zozulenets, Galician and Lyubin intrabreed types of Ukrainian carp breeds in pond farms of the Polissya zone. Methodology. The material for the study were crossbreed (♀LSC×♂AZFC; ♀AZSC×♂LSC; ♀AZFC×♂GFC) and purebred age-1+ (♀LSC×♂LSC) of different structural units of the Ukrainian scaly and framed carp breeds. Their productive and biological parameters were evaluated according to productive characteristics (body weight dynamics, fish productivity, survival rate), which were investigated during test catches through the growing season and according to the results of the autumn harvest using generally accepted methods in aquaculture. For exterior assessment of tabke age-1+ fish, they were weighed and their length, height, and body girth were measured. Measurements were made with a centimetre tape with an accuracy of 1 mm. Individual weighing was carried out on electronic commercial scales with an accuracy of 1 g. Based on the measurement results, following main exterior indices were determined and analysed: body girth, body length to height ratio and condition factor. Findings. The study showed that among the crossbreed carps, the highest weight gain was observed in age-1+ carps obtained from crossing scaly Antoniny-Zozulenets females with Lyubin males, in which the average seasonal specific weight gain was 2.17%/day. Among framed crossbred carps, the highest specific weight gain was observed in age-1+ Galician males - 2.08%/day, while that in Lyubin scaly carps was the lowest - 1.73%/day. The yield from cultivation of crossbreed age-1+ carps with various genesis was within 86.9–91.4%, and that in Lyubin scaly was 92.4%. The fish productivity of the experimental ponds was 526.2 and 675.6 kg/ha with the superiority of crossbreed framed carp from Galician males over Lyubin scaly carps in the first pond and crossbreed scaly carp over linear and framed carp in the second experimental pond. The maximum yield of clean fillets was observed in crossbreed framed age-1+ carps obtained from Galician males - 51.42%. Originality. For the first time in the conditions of Polissya, the productive and biological parameters of age-1+ carps of crossbred carp groups obtained from crossing the Antoniny-Zozulenets, Lyubin and Galician crossbreed types of Ukrainian scaly and framed carps were obtained and comprehensively studied. Practical Value. The results of the analysis of productive and biological parameters demonstrate the effectiveness of the using industrial crossing of carp breeds from different ecological and geographical zones in modern fish farming practice, the crossing of which provides a high heterosis effect, which contributes to increasing the fish productivity of pond farms and, accordingly, allows recommending these crosses for use as new promising lines for industrial cultivation in the Polissya zone of Ukraine.