Manejo de la Gestación y el Parto en el Ganado Bovino: Relación con el Prolapso Uterino y su Enfoque desde el Bienestar Animal

The proper management of the animal during gestation and parturition becomes essential to ensure the health of the mother and her offspring, promoting the productivity of the herd and contributing directly to the reduction of various complications that can be triggered, such as uterine prolapse. The purpose of this bibliographic research is to compile information on the relationship between obstetric management and parturition and the occurrence of uterine prolapse, focusing on animal welfare. Several bibliographic sources were reviewed to recognize the factors that directly influence the incidence of this pathology (poor nutrition, stress, infections and dystocic births); in addition, the study highlights the importance of implementing preventive strategies that contribute to strengthen the birth canal and uterine muscles, in order to reduce complications and take timely measures to avoid infections or difficulties that may occur during birth. It is worth mentioning that the prevention of uterine prolapse involves a comprehensive approach that ranges from the management of labor and postpartum care to nutritional imbalances; therefore, staff training, the creation of safe and clean environments, as well as the application of welfare regulations reduce postpartum complications.

The proper management of the animal during gestation and parturition becomes essential to ensure the health of the mother and her offspring, promoting the productivity of the herd and contributing directly to the reduction of various complications that can be triggered, such as uterine prolapse. The purpose of this bibliographic research is to compile information on the relationship between obstetric management and parturition and the occurrence of uterine prolapse, focusing on animal welfare. Several bibliographic sources were reviewed to recognize the factors that directly influence the incidence of this pathology (poor nutrition, stress, infections and dystocic births); in addition, the study highlights the importance of implementing preventive strategies that contribute to strengthen the birth canal and uterine muscles, in order to reduce complications and take timely measures to avoid infections or difficulties that may occur during birth. It is worth mentioning that the prevention of uterine prolapse involves a comprehensive approach that ranges from the management of labor and postpartum care to nutritional imbalances; therefore, staff training, the creation of safe and clean environments, as well as the application of welfare regulations reduce postpartum complications.

El adecuado manejo que se le dé al animal durante la gestación y el parto llega a ser esencial para así asegurar la salud de la madre como él de sus crías, fomentando la productividad del hato ganadero y contribuyendo directamente a la reducción de diversas complicaciones que se pueden desencadenar, como lo es el prolapso uterino. Esta investigación bibliográfica tiene como propósito recopilar información referente a la relación entre el manejo obstétrico y el parto con la aparición del prolapso uterino, centrando su enfoque en el bienestar animal. Se revisaron diversas fuentes bibliográficas que permitieron reconocer los factores que influyen directamente en la incidencia de esta patología (nutrición deficiente, estrés, infecciones y partos distócicos); además, el estudio resalta la importancia de implementar estrategias preventivas que contribuyan a fortalecer el canal de parto y lo músculos del útero, para así reducir complicaciones y tomar medidas oportunas logrando evitar infecciones o dificultades que se pueda presentar durante el nacimiento. Cabe mencionar que, la prevención del prolapso uterino implica un enfoque integral que abarca desde el manejo del parto y cuidados posparto, hasta los desequilibrios existentes a nivel nutricional; es por ello que, la formación del personal, la creación de entornos seguros y limpios, así como la aplicación de regulaciones de bienestar reducen las complicaciones postparto.