Gypsum in maize and sorghum production systems intercropped with Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu
2025
José Henrique Ferreira Cardoso | Layane Aparecida Mendes dos Santos | Otávio Augusto Andrade Olveira | Sarah Visquetti Pedrão | Flavia de Oliveira Scarpino van Cleef | Vanessa Cury Galati | Eric van Cleef | Flávio Hiroshi Kaneko
ABSTRACT: This study verified the effect of gypsum doses on the production system of maize and sorghum intercropped with Urochloabrizantha cv. marandu. The study was carried out in Iturama, MG (Red Latosol; 22% clay) in the 2019/20 and 2020/21 crops in the system “summer” maize - “second crop” sorghum silage - “summer” maize, using doses of gypsum (0, 550, 1,100 and 2,200 kg ha-1), cultivation of maize and sorghum alone or intercropped with Brachiaria, in a 4×2 factorial with 4 replications in randomized blocks. The gypsum application was topdressed, without incorporation, before the maize sowing (2019/20). Brachiariawas manually sown in furrows between maize and sorghum rows with 6 kg ha-1 of pure viable seeds. The forage dry mass at the point of silage of maize and sorghum, the dry mass of the aerial part of maize and sorghum, and the components of production and grain yield of maize were evaluated. The intercropping with Brachiaria promoted a greater dry mass of forage, but a lower dry mass of aerial part of maize and sorghum and a lower grain yield of maize (2020/21). Gypsum promoted higher forage dry mass up to a dose of 1,310 kg ha-1 (2020/21), and linear increases when intercropped with sorghum. However, the dry mass of the maize area (2020/21) decreased. The increase in the doses of gypsum promoted more rows of grains per ear, but it did not change the grain yield of maize.
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