BBX proteins and their multifaceted roles in floral regulation
2025
Ziqiang Xu | Faiza Shafique Khan | Yanwei Ouyang | Can Wang | Hongna Zhang
B-box (BBX) proteins, a distinct subgroup of zinc finger transcription factors characterized by the presence of one or two B-box domains, play a pivotal role in regulating plant growth and development, particularly in photomorphogenesis. The role of BBX genes in the vegetative-to-reproductive phase transition has gradually been identified in the past few years. BBX gene member BBX1/CONSTANS is a master regulator of the photoperiod pathway and transcriptionally activates the florigen gene FLOWERING LOCUS T. BBX genes can generate different transcripts through alternative splicing, which significantly increases their functional diversity and regulatory complexity, and plays an important role in plant flowering regulation. However, a schematic analysis of transcriptional regulations and protein interactions during signaling pathways has not been presented. The review highlights recent progress in the transcriptional regulatory role of BBX genes during floral regulation and development. It also provides valuable insights into the structural and functional features of the BBX gene family and emphasizes its essential role in the complex regulatory networks underlying floral development in plants.
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