Past, Present and Future Premises on Technical Approaches Regrading the Afforestation of Lands Outside the Forest Fund in the Apuseni Mountains
2024
MOLDOVAN, Mircea | TĂUT, Ioan | ȘIMONCA, Vasile
The lands afforested outside the forest fund are, mostly, degraded or in the process of degradation, and to a small extent they are abandoned agricultural lands or on which shelter-belts are installed. A series of studies and technical guidelines elaborated for the afforestation of some areas in Romania, which include mountain and hilly areas from the period 1950-1990, were analyzed, in parallel with those drawn up today. Site-mapping methodology refers to the sampling of climatic factors from nearby weather stations, the characterization of existing soils and vegetation. The afforestation of degraded lands in the Apuseni Mountains began towards the end of the 19th century and three periods can be distinguished: 1890 - 1918; 1918 - 1944 and 1944 - 1989. As species used, priority was: Scots pine, Black pine, Larch, Strobe pine and Spruce. After 1989, afforestation was carried out with difficulty, they were carried out according to a technical project drawn up by specialists in the field. In the present paper, some research developed since the 50s until the 90s were analyzed, these being compared with the current site-mapping works, establishing the main differences between them, and based on the differences, the directions of future technologies were established.
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