NATURAL LANDFORMS TO REPLACE CONVENTIONAL WASTE ROCK DESIGN IN MINING : A GIS analysis of paraglacial landforms | Naturliga landformer som ersättning för den konventionelladesignen av gråbergsdeponier inom gruvindustrin : En GISanalys av paraglaciala landformer
2025
Röding, Nathalie
The scale of disturbance caused by mining has increased alongside advancements in technology and rising economic demand. To mitigate the environmental impacts of mining, it is crucial to develop and implement new remediation methods for waste rock deposits. A geomorphic approach is a new method to minimize the disturbed surface area while enhancing the abiotic and biotic recovery. In northern Sweden, paraglacial depositional landforms serve as good reference models for landscape replication as the Fennoscandian ice sheet left many glacial landforms. In this paper, De Geer moraine, drumlins, end moraines, eskers and Veiki moraine were mapped and digitized in ArcGIS Pro and from that the volume, area and volume/area ratio were calculated. Overall, the landforms showed a strong significance in their volume, area and volume-to-area ratio. Furthermore, a post-hoc Dunn’s test result showed that Veiki moraine was the landform that showed the highest volume/area ratio in a multicomparison test with all the other landforms. Lastly, a cluster analysis was performed to observe any clustering followed by a hot spot (Getis-Ord Gi*) test to see the spatial distribution of the landforms. In this study, reference values on storage capacity from a conventional and a geomorphic site in Svappavaara was provided, from the Waste2Place project, to investigate possible challenges or suggestions to make the natural landforms part of a restoration project. There is still poor knowledge how the landscape evolution will turn out depending on the weathering of waste rock.
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