Selenium uptake and distribution in chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) grown in an aeroponic system | Privzem in porazdelitev selena v radiču (Cichorium intybus L.), gojenem v aeroponskem sistemu

إنجليزي. Cultivated plants generally are a poor source of dietary selenium (< 0.1 mg/kg wet weight). In this work the influence of sodium selenate on selenium distribution in the chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) cultivars ‘Anivip’ and ‘Monivip’ was studied in an aeroponic system in a greenhouse. The plants roots were moistened every fifteen minutes with a Resh nutrient solution with added selenium (10 mg L-1) in the form of sodium selenate. The content of total selenium in chicory roots and leaves was studied after different periods of time and different temperatures of exposure to the selenium enriched nutrient solution. In two separate experiments chicory was treated with selenium enriched nutrient solution for 40 days at 10 ºC in the slow growing phase, and for 5, 7 and 10 days at 20 ºC in the developmental phase at the beginning of formation of the flower stem. The concentration in leaves increased with time during plant growth, and in Se treated groups was 370 and 139 mg kg-1 in ‘Anivip’ and 460 and 205 mg kg-1 in ‘Monivip’ leaves after 40 and 10 days of exposure, respectively. A smaller increase in selenium content was obtained in roots, namely to 73 and 46 mg kg-1 in ‘Anivip’ roots and to 87 and 46 mg kg-1 in ‘Monivip’ roots after 40 and 10 days of exposure, respectively. All results are expressed on a lyophilised matter basis. In long and short term treatment, the selenium content in ‘Monivip’ cultivar was higher than in ‘Anivip’. No visible toxic effects on the chicory plants were observed.

السلوفينية. Gojene rastline so skromen vir selena (<0,1 mg/kg ). Raziskovali smo vpliv selenata na privzem selena in njegovo porazdelitev v radiču (Cichorium intybus L.) kultivarjev  ‘Anivip’ in  ‘Monivip’. Rastline so bile gojene aeroponično v rastlinjaku. Korenine rastlin smo škropili s Reshevo hranilno raztopino, ki je vsebovala 10 mg Se(VI) L-1 v obliki natrijevega selenata, vsakih petnajst minut. Naredili smo dve pilotni študiji.  V prvi študiji so bile rastline, ki so ob začetku poskusa imele 6 listov, izpostavljene 40 dni hranilni raztopini, ki je vsebovala Se(VI)  pri temperaturi 10 0C, v drugi pa 5, 7 in 10 dni pri temperaturi 20 0C in v  razvojni fazi tik pred cvetenjem. Vsebnost Se je bila večja v listih kot v koreninah in je naraščala s časom izpostavljenosti.  Masni delež selena v listih kultivarja ‘Anivip’ se je povečal  od 55 na 139 mg kg-1 med petim in desetim dnevom izpostavljenosti, v kultivarju ‘Monivip’ pa od 78 na 205  mg kg-1. Vsebnost Se v koreninah je tudi naraščala, vendar so bile razlike med kultivarjema manjše. Pri 40  dnevni  izpostavljenosti je bil masni delež Se 370 mg kg-1 v listih in  73 mg kg-1 v koreninah  kultivarja ‘Anivip’ ter  460 mg kg-1 v listih  in 87 mg kg-1 v koreninah  kultivarja ‘Monivip’. Vsi rezultati so izraženi na liofilizirano snov. Tako pri dolgi kot pri kratki izpostavljenosti rastlin  hranilni raztopini s selenom  je bila vsebnost Se v kultivarju Monivip večja kot pri kultivarju Anivip. Na rastlinah nismo opazili znakov zastrupitve.