Comparison of PELMO and PEARL FOCUS models for assessing herbicide leaching in the three selected soil types in the Apače valley area | Primerjava modelov FOCUS PELMO in PEARL pri ocenjevanju izpiranja herbicidov v treh izbranih vrstah tal na območju Apaške doline

إنجليزي. FOCUS PELMO 3.3.2 and PEARL 3.3.3 are well established models for predicting pesticide leaching and can be used also for the pesticide registration purposes in the EU Member States. Results of both models were compared, namely the predicted leached concentrations of selected herbicides (Lumax Primextra Gold 720 SC and Primextra 500 liquid) for the standard FOCUS scenarios, as well as for the specific environmental scenarios that are typical for Apače Valley. Long term daily data from meteorological station Murska Sobota and soil data of three selected soil profiles (Fluvisol, Gleysol, and Stagnosol) were used. The results demonstrate that predicted leached concentrations of selected herbicides under standard FOCUS scenarios are in PEARL generally higher than in PELMO model, however under specific (realistic) scenarios in Apače Valley for the period 1984-2009, this finding is confirmed only in selected (the most vulnerable) shallow Fluvisol soil, while the predicted leached concentrations in the other two soil profiles are slightly higher when using PELMO model.

السلوفينية. Modela PELMO 3.3.2 in PEARL 3.3.3 sta uveljavljena modela za ocenjevanje izpiranja fitofarmacevtskih sredstev (FFS) in se uporabljata tudi za namen registracije FFS v državah članicah EU. Medsebojno smo primerjali rezultate obeh modelov in sicer ocene izpiranja izbranih herbicidov (Lumax, Primextra Gold 720 SC in Primextra 500 tekoči) za standardne t. im. scenarije FOCUS, kot tudi za specifične okoljske scenarije, ki so značilni za Apaško dolino. Uporabili smo dolgoletne dnevne podatke z meteorološke postaje Murska Sobota in pedološke podatke treh izbranih profilov na območju Apaške doline: obrečnih tal, hipogleja in psevdogleja. Ugotovili smo, da so pri standardnih scenarijih FOCUS ocene izpiranja izbranih FFS v modelu PEARL v splošnem večje kot pa v modelu PELMO, v specifičnih (realnih) scenarijih iz Apaške doline za obdobje 1984-2009 pa se je ta ugotovitev potrdila le v izbranih (najobčutljivejših) plitvih obrečnih tleh, medtem ko so v drugih dveh talnih profilih nekoliko višje ocene izpiranja izbranih herbicidov pokazali rezultati PELMO modela.