The Association between Altitude and Waist–Height Ratio in Peruvian Adults: A Cross-Sectional Data Analysis of a Population-Based Survey
2022
Akram Hernández-Vásquez | Diego Azañedo
To evaluate the association between altitude and cardiometabolic risk calculated with the weight&ndash:height ratio (WHtR) in the Peruvian adult population via the cross-sectional data analysis of the Peruvian Demographic and Health Survey 2021. A total of 26,117 adults from 18 to 64 years of age were included in the analysis. The dependent variable was cardiometabolic risk, defined as &ldquo:Yes&rdquo: if the WHtR was &ge:0.5 and &ldquo:No&rdquo: if the WHtR was <:0.5. Exposure was altitude of residence categorized as: <:1500 meters above sea level (masl): 1500 to 2499 masl: 2500 to 3499 masl: and &ge:3500 masl. Crude and adjusted Poisson regression models were used to calculate prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The mean WHtR in the population was 0.59 (standard deviation: 0.08), and 87.6% (95% CI: 86.9&ndash:88.2) were classified as at risk. After adjusting for sex, age, education level, well-being index, and area of residence, living at altitudes between 2500 and 3499 masl (aPR: 0.98: 95% CI: 0.96&ndash:1.00) and &ge:3500 masl (aPR: 0.95: 95% CI: 0.93&ndash:0.97) were associated with lower cardiometabolic risk in comparison with living at <:1500 masl. An inverse association was identified between living at a higher altitude and the proportion of cardiometabolic risk in the Peruvian adult population. However, at least 8 out of 10 people were identified as at risk in all categories of altitude.
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