Sustainability of Indigenous Solid Waste Management Practices in Rural Communities of South Africa

Solid waste disposal methods within indigenous communities present unique challenges and opportunities for sustainable development. However, the current knowledge on solid waste management focuses on formal waste collection systems, neglecting the practices and sustainability aspects of solid waste management in indigenous communities. Thus, it becomes imperative to undertake research studies that evaluate the sustainability of these practices as they play a pivotal role in ensuring sustainable development. The current study systematically evaluates the views and judgments associated with the sustainability aspects of indigenous waste management practices in the rural communities of South Africa using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) model. The data analysis was carried out using the AHP model. The findings of this study showed that the rural communities of Bushbuckridge Local Municipality prioritize the sustainability of the environment (weight: 0.590) over the economic (weight: 0.240) and social sustainability (weight: 0.165) based on the AHP evaluative framework. The validity of the priorities was tested through the computed degree of consistency (&lt:10%) and an eigenvalue of 5.107. Furthermore, according to the assessment in the current study, the AHP evaluative framework dominantly prioritizes the sub-criteria of environmental sustainability (composting) at a responding rate of over 70% almost across all indigenous communities except for Acornhoek (30%), Casteel (25%), and Mambumbu (24%). Likewise, the sub-criterion of social sustainability, which is associated with communal cleaning labor, was found to be of extreme importance (60%), outperforming taboos (10%) that are anchored in cultural and spiritual beliefs. With a response rate &gt: 50%, waste trading proved to be of economic efficacy. Using the AHP model to evaluate the sustainability aspects associated with indigenous solid waste management practices addresses a substantial gap in the comprehension of the role of indigenous knowledge towards sustainability in the discipline of solid waste management. However, it also offers a valuable sustainability perception that is associated with indigenous waste disposal methods that local governments and policymakers should include for consideration in integrated waste management plans. This can lead to the development of waste disposal programs that are well-coordinated and in accordance with indigenous sustainable waste management practices that advance the circular economy and promote environmental protection.