Biochar Makes Soil Organic Carbon More Labile, but Its Carbon Sequestration Potential Remains Large in an Alternate Wetting and Drying Paddy Ecosystem
2025
Wanning Dai | Zhengrong Bao | Jun Meng | Taotao Chen | Xiao Liang
Given the worsening global climate change that drives drought frequency and irrigation water shortages, implementing water-conserving practices like alternate wetting and drying (AWD) is now critically urgent. Biochar is widely used for soil carbon sequestration. However, there is limited information on the effects of biochar on soil organic carbon (SOC) and its labile fractions in paddy fields, especially under AWD. A two-year field experiment was conducted with two irrigation regimes (CF: continuous flooding irrigation: AWD) as the main plots and 0 (B0) and 20 t ha&minus:1 (B1) biochar as sub-plots. AWD had no effect on the SOC and particulate organic carbon (POC) content, but increased the dissolved organic carbon (DOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), easily oxidizable organic carbon (EOC), light fraction organic carbon (LFOC), and carbon pool management index (CPMI) at 0&ndash:10 cm depths, by 24.4&ndash:56.4%, 12.6&ndash:17.7%, 9.2&ndash:16.8%, 25.6&ndash:28.1%, and 11.3&ndash:18.6%, respectively. Biochar increased SOC while also increasing DOC, MBC, EOC, LFOC, POC, and CPMI at 0&ndash:20 cm depths, by 18.4&ndash:53.3%, 14.7&ndash:70.2%, 17.4&ndash:22.3%, 10.2&ndash:27.6%, 95.2&ndash:188.3%, 46.6&ndash:224%, and 5.6&ndash:27.2, respectively, making SOC more labile under AWD. Our results highlight that biochar still holds great potential for improving soil quality and carbon sequestration under AWD, and the combination of biochar and AWD can achieve the synergistic optimization of the food&ndash:water&ndash:carbon sequestration trade-off, which is beneficial to sustainable agricultural production.
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