Affecting of Hypervirulent Multidrug Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae on Public Health

  Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae is an evolved pathogenic strain that is more resistant and more virulent than classical pneumoniae (cKp).  Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative bacillus of the Enterobacteriaceae family that is usually grouped with non-motile, lactose-fermenting. hv-K. pneumoniae is a fascinating bacterium that can be a natural inhabitant of human and animals, a very efficient pathogen capable of causing several community or hospital-acquired infections or an opportunistic multidrug-resistant strain.  hv-K. pneumoniae has worldwide dissemination and is usually found in the environment and commensal flora of humans and other animal species. It includes several strains such as ST23\K1, ST86\K2 and ST29\K54, the most important of which are widespread around the world, especially in Asian countries. hv-K. pneumoniae is responsible for pneumonia, septicemia, and urinary tract and soft-tissue infections, but it is most famous for its role in community-acquired liver abscesses in Asia. In addition to its clinical relevance, hv-K. pneumoniae is also intensively studied in the course of basic and applied research, being of interest to a vast range of scientists from microbiologists. This interest is mostly due to its capability to acquire drug resistance and express hypervirulence. hv-K. pneumoniae is a very efficient biofilm producer and is involved in nosocomial tuberculosis outbreaks as a clinical co-pathogen. Furthermore, it is now one of the most important antimicrobial resistance threats. However, for the most part, the ability to infect almost all types of immunocompromised hosts and to acquire extreme antimicrobial resistance is the most fascinating characteristic. We conclusion   prevalence of multidrug-resistant hv-K. pneumoniae in hospitals is quite high and its emergence is rapid according to studies and research. According to this study, it was shown that there are some strains such as 23 that are resistant to multiple drugs, which were the most prevalent compared to others, especially in some countries of the world, such as Taiwan, China, India, and others. The studies also showed that there is a strain such as ST11 that is resistant to most antibiotics KPC, SHV, and ESBL compared to others in some countries, especially in China and Iran. This means that there is a high affinity for beta-lactam antibiotics compared to other antibiotics.