Investigation in working body power parameters and energy capacity for removing damaged soil from surface of craters

As a result of the completed research, the impact of the armed aggression and military actions on the soil cover was studied and analysed, in particular, the damage and destruction of the fertile soil layer due to detonation of various kinds of explosive objects (rockets, aerial bombs, artillery shells, etc.). In consequence of rocket and artillery shelling, the fields are covered with craters from exploding shells, mines, and rockets. The craters are of different diameters and depths. The soil, remaining at the impact site, is turbulent, subject to dynamic compaction, and also contains numerous metal fragments with remnants of explosive toxic substances. To implement technical reclamation of the land, damaged as a result of bombing, a method has been proposed that involves, first, cleaning the craters from the soil damaged and contaminated with heavy metals and other hazardous substances. For this purpose, it is proposed to use a new working element that allows for mechanization of this process. The article presents general views of an excavator with an attached working body for removing the damaged soil layer from the (inside) surface of craters. In order to determine rational design parameters of the working body (for removing the damaged soil from the (inside) surface of craters) a study was made of the soil resistance to its cutting into shelves by the channels (channel-shaped cross sections) and angles (angle bars), welded to the circles of the frame (during the process of removing the damaged and contaminated layer of soil from the (inside) surface of the crater). It has been established that increasing the length of shelf b within the range from 0.035 to 0.055 m leads to an increase in the cutting force P by 44...50%. In addition, the cutting force P for the soil type – hard loam increases by 2.1…2.3 times, and for semi-hard clay it increases by 3.6…4.2 times, compared to hard sandy loam. Also, increasing length l of channels and angles within the range from 0.5 m to 1.5 m leads to an increase in the cutting force P by 32...51%. There is also determined the energy consumption for removing one cubic metre of contaminated soil. It has been established that an increase in length b of the shelf within the range from 0.035 to 0.055 m leads to an increase in energy capacity E by 47…50%. In addition, the energy intensity E for cleaning one cubic metre of the contaminated soil for the soil type – hard loam increases by 2.1 times, and for semi-hard clay it increases by 3.6…4.1 times, compared to hard sandy loam. Also, increasing length l of channels and angles within the range from 0.5 m to 1.5 m leads to an increase in the energy capacity E by 31.3…50.7%. At the same time, the energy intensity E of cleaning one cubic metre of the contaminated soil for the soil types – hard loam increases by 2.0…2.3 times, and for semi-hard clay it increases by 3.0…4.2 times, compared to hard sandy loam.