In Vitro and In Vivo Effects of UV-C Irradiation Against Fusarium solani in Potatoes
2025
Gcinokuhle Buthelezi | Nokwazi Carol Mbili | Asanda Mditshwa
Potatoes are a vital staple crop globally, valued for their high nutritional content and yield: however, they are highly susceptible to microbial attacks, mainly during postharvest handling and storage. One of the most important potato diseases that reduces the yield and quality of potatoes is Fusarium solani. Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) irradiation has become a potential postharvest disease control method: however, its efficacy against F. solani on potatoes is poorly understood. This study investigated the in vitro and in vivo effects of UV-C irradiation against F. solani of potatoes. UV-C light (254 nm) treatment was applied to F. solani for 5, 10, and 15 min at 10, 15, and 20 cm to evaluate the in vitro effects. The treated plates were incubated at 25 °:C for seven days. UV-C treatment at a 10 cm distance for 10 and 15 min successfully inhibited F. solani mycelial growth, with the 15 min exposure showing the highest inhibition rate of 57.96%. Both treatments were selected for further screening. Subsequently, &lsquo:Sifra&rsquo: potatoes were treated with UV-C for 10 and 15 min, and the results showed low disease incidence of 33% and 22%, respectively, compared to 96% for the untreated tubers. The scanning electron microscopy assay showed broken and shrunken mycelia, along with damaged spores of F. solani, on potatoes treated with UV-C. The findings suggest that UV-C irradiation may offer a potential alternative, environmentally friendly method to chemical fungicides for controlling postharvest F. solani of potatoes.
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