PENGARUH WAKTU TANAM, PEMBERIAN MULSA JERAMI DAN PENANAMAN REFUGIA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L.) VARIETAS NK 6326, HAMA DAN PATOGEN PENYAKIT SERTA MUSUH ALAMINYA | THE EFFECT OF PLANTING TIMES, USING STRAW MULCH, AND PLANTING REFUGIA AGAINSTGROWTH AND YIELD OF CORN (Zea mays L.) NK 6326 VARIETY, IT’S PESTS AND DISEASE PATHOGENS AND NATURAL ENEMIES

إنجليزي. Research on the effect of planting times, using straw, and planting refugia against growth and yield of corn (Zea mays L.) NK 6326variety, it’s pest and diasaes and natural enemies had been conducted in Tulung sub-district, Klaten district, Central Java province.The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of two different planting time based on “pranata mangsa” time (local wisdom) and farmer’s planting time which were combined with using straw and planting refugia against growth and yield of corn, it’s pest and diseases, it’s natural enemies population. This research used a Strip Plot Design with two main treatments with four additional treatments, and five replications. The main treatments were planting time based on farmer habit (A1) and planting time bades on “pranata mangsa” or ancient local wisdom (A2). Additional treatments included: using straw mulch and planting “refugia” (B1), using only straw mulch (B2), planting only “refugia” (B3), and without using straw mulch and without planting “refugia” (B4). The result of the experiment were analyzed by using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and the Honestly Significance Difference (HSD) test at 95% confidence level. The result of this research showed that: (1) planting time based on farmer’s habit were higher than the planting time based on “pranata Mangsa” against plant height, wet weight of mass, dry weight of mass, weight of seded per cob, weight of seed per plot seed weight per hectare, and 1000 grains weight,(2) planting time based on farmer’s habit combined with using straw mulch and planting “refugia” were higer than planting time based on “pranata mangsa” combined with using straw mulch and palnting refugia against plant height, cob length, wet weight of mass, dry weigt of mass, total number of seed per ear, weight of seeds per cob, weight seeds per plot, weight of seed per hectare, and weight of 1000 grains, (3) planting refugia can increase the natural enemy population.

الأندونيسية. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh waktu tanam, pemberian jerami dan penanaman refugia terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.) varietas NK 6326, organisme pengganggu tanaman, serta musuh alaminya telah dilaksanakan di kecamatan Tulung, kabupaten Klaten, provinsi Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Petak Teralur (Strip Plot Design). Perlakuan utama yang diuji yaitu: waktu tanam berdasarkan kebiasaan petani (A1) dan waktu tanam berdasarkan ramalan pranata mangsa (A2). Perlakuan tambahan yang diuji meliputi: pemberian jerami dan penanaman refugia (B1), hanya pemberian jerami (B2), hanya penanaman refugia (B3) dan tanpa pemberian jerami dan tanpa penanaman refugia (B4). Masing-masing perlakuan diulang lima kali. Hasil pengamatan dianalisis menggunakan metode sidik ragam dan uji Beda Nyata Jujur pada taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) waktu tanam berdasarkan kebiasaan petani menghasilkan tinggi tanaman, bobot brangkasan basah dan kering, bobot biji per tongkol, bobot biji per petak, dan bobot 1000 butir biji yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan waktu tanam berdasarkan pranata mangsa, (2) waktu tanam berdasarkan kebiasaan petani yang dikombinasikan dengan pemberian jerami dan penanaman refugia menghasilkan tinggi tanaman, panjang tongkol, bobot brangkasan basah dan kering, jumlah biji per tongkol, bobot biji per tongkol, bobot biji per petak dan bobot 1000 butir biji yang relatif lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan waktu tanam berdasarkan pranata mangsa yang dikombinasikan dengan pemberian jerami dan penanaman refugia, serta (3) penanaman refugia mampu meningkatkan populasi musuh alami