Vegetables are a source of vitamins, salts, acids, carbohydrates and biologically active substances which are necessary for human's vital function. Academician Pavlov I.V. asserted that life expectancy of human can be one third longer by daily consumption of fresh vegetable. The nourishing values of vegetables are composed not only of high content of carbohydrate and proteins, but also there is an extremely useful source of vitamins and ferments, microelements and biologically active substances. It should be mentioned that some of necessary substances can dissociate or transform under the thermal condition in another ones, sometime, not accessible chemical forms. Taking this into account the human's food must be enriched by vegetables that bring natural consistencies of substances. The perennial onion can be used as a vegetable with all these qualities.

Одной из важнейших задач отрасли овощеводства является получение раннего урожая овощей из открытого грунта. В статье рассмотрены пути, обеспечивающие ускорение формирование овощной продукции.

The tested tomato cultivars had been bred and adapted to environmental factors with regard to open field cultivation in Nonchernozem zone of Russia. Agriculturally valuable traits were studied in many regions: Astrakhan, Volgograd, Belgorod, Primorie krai, and also in Uzbekistan, Moldavia, Kazakhstan, Kirghizia, Ukraine, and Byelorussia. Results that had been analyzed provided information concerning the ecological cultivar sustainable adaptation and required biodiversity. Russian tomato cultivars that possessed high adaptation characteristics were tested for 2 years in open field conditions of Bulgaria and Russia.

To reduce the expenses on plantlet cultivation stage the several vegetable production centers apply the direct planting into the soil without separate seedling cultivation. This paper describes the study concerning the interaction between early spring planting and output volume of vegetables. The Slava 1305 the cultivar of mid-maturing and Parus cultivar of mid-late maturing were also taken for the study.

25 июня 2009 года состоялось общее собрание Российской академии сельскохозяйственных наук, которое проходило в актовом зале Дома науки Россельхозакадемии под председательством Президента Академии Г.А. Романенко.

Cucumber growing in Non-Chernozem zone requires first of all cultivars and hybrids with fast maturation and cold tolerance, this gives a guaranteed yield of young fruits. Such the cultivars have already been selected at VNIISSOK and they are recommended for open field growing in NonChernozem Zone of Russia. The article provides recommendation for cucumber cultivation.

Allium aflatunense has been studied at All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Breeding and Seed Production as a new plant culture that has high adaptability, acceptable qualities so that it can be well introduced to breeding program for middle belt of Russia. Samson cultivar has been selected as a result of breeding and joined efforts of the laboratory of standardization and metrology with the onion research group at All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Breeding and Seed Production. There were worked out descriptors for traits and sowing recommendations.

Fruit color of eggplants is one of the most important traits. In the fruit peel several anthocyanins were identified. It was shown that in fruits of Japanese accessions the basic an anthocyanin was delphinidin-3-(p-coumaroyl rutinoside)-5-glucoside (nasunin), while other accessions contained tulipanin (delphinidin-3-O-rutinoside). The breeding lines for hydroponic small-size cultivation that was selected by researchers from VNISSOK contained 0,021-0,2l7 grams of anthocyanin per kilogram.

В статье рассмотрены актуальные проблемы производства капусты белокочанной.

It was shown that short-term exposure of red colored plants in ultra -violet rays provoked the increase of activity of superoxide dismutase and contents of low molecu-lar-weight antioxidants. The compensatory dependence between a content of amaranthine and activity of betalain oxidase was discovered. It has been proven that resistance of Amaranth to ultra -violet rays can be used as a factor of selection to be chosen for breeding the initial Amaranth accessions with high antioxidant properties.