Soybeans is the most important source of high quality protein using as food and oil. Soybean protein is balanced for amino acid composition that is advantage in comparison with other legumes, oil crops, and cereals. Soybean protein contains all the essential amino acids in a ratio close to the animal protein. Due to the acute deficiency of protein, the interest in soybean production and breeding of new varieties are constantly growing worldwide. The early ripening lines for the duration of the vegetation period and interphase periods of development were selected. The soybean samples with a maximum seed weight per a plant, thousand-seed weight and the largest number of seeds in a bean were revealed. The genotypes with the optimal displays of these traits for the breeding in the different directions were identified.

Momordica (Momordica charantia L.) is unconventional crop of the Cucurbitaceae family for the central regions of the Russian. Fruits of this crop have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effect. The influence of promising growth regulators from plants on the qualitative composition of fruits momordika has been studied. The positive effect of leaf extract yakon as phytoregulator on productivity increasing and fruit quality of momordika is shown.

Professor Dryagina Irina Viktorovna – 95th Anniversary.

The perspectives of the development of agriculture in Russia in modern times and main results of work of the Committee of the State Duma on Natural Resources, Management and Ecology are presented in the article. For the purpose of food sovereignty, the import ration should not be exceeded 25% from overall volume of food production. The Russian Academy of Agricultural Science worked on the potential of agricultural sector, which has to be the duty-bearer of food supply security of Russia and the source of raw materials for the trade. Up to now, the Russian scientists have developed a lot of competitive varieties and hybrids, widespread commercial introduction of which is able to guarantee of high quality products.

Results of study of the collection accessions of red beet with different level of bolting resistance are presented. Nature of inheritance of this trait in progeny, and also its connection with other biological and economically valuable characters and properties is shown. Bolting resistant accessions and possibility of its use in breeding are described. The promising initial material is selected and recommended. The most rational solution of the bolting problems in the beet is the development of resistant varieties and hybrids. For this purpose, the early-spring and under-winter planting are used, as well as the seed germination at low (30C) temperatures. The availability of the various initial material studied by modern methods of researches plays a key role. When the collection accessions of beet were studied in the VIR Polar branch (The Murmansk Region), the following genotypes were identified: 1 – non bolting, 2 – weak bolting (less than 10% of bolting plants), 3 – moderately bolting (10-50%), and 4 – high bolting (more than 50% of bolting plants). As a result of screening of a gene pool, the genetic sources of bolting resistance of beet were identified. At its crossing with bolting accessions the dominance of the trait «bolting» and monogenic nature of its inheritance are confirmed. For the purpose of beet breeding for bolting resistance, the symphycarpous varieties characterized by complex biological and agronomic characters (increased yield, cold tolerance, quality of production and resistance to blackleg) are the most usable. The cultivars Banko from Sweden (donor), Podzimnyaya A-0474 (VNIISSOK) and Polyarnaya ploskaya-249 (Polar branch VIR) are recommended as a genetic sources of bolting resistance.

New tomato varieties suitable for growing in open area and greenhouses were developed. The cultivar «Sodruzhestvo» with low content of acids, high content of sugars and dry matters is recommended for baby foods and dietetic nutrition. The fruits of cv. «Voskhod of VNIISSOK’s» are red, solids, and suitable for stuffing.

The total content of watersoluble antioxidants in the rhizomes of garden iris varies depending on the hardiness of the variety. Domestic varieties have better winter hardiness than varieties of foreign breeding. The amount of antioxidant content in the rhizomes at the winter-hardy varieties of iris garden after wintering is significantly reduced. The direct positive correlation between of the average degree of the total content of antioxidants in the rhizomes of iris garden and winter hardiness was revealed. The correlation coefficient is r=0,66. Therefore, the total content of water-soluble antioxidants in the rhizomes of iris garden can be apply as a potential marker of long hardiness source material.

Results of two yeaґs field studying of 522 samples of peas are presented. Twenty-five samples with valuable agronomic traits were selected for further breeding program. Correlation between duration of interstage periods was revealed.

Kiwano plants, or horned cucumber (Cucumis metuliferus E. Mey ex Naudin) was grown in the open field in several experimental plots in the south of West Siberia (54,95025 N, 83,09763 E). Fruits production was correlated with night air temperature sum and soil organic matter content, reaching the maximum of 2.7 kg (fresh phytomass) per plant. Fruit size and some basic juice characteristics were similar to those of kiwano fruits grown elsewhere in the world. The vegetative phytomass grown was correlated with day air temperature sum, being practically independent of soil chemical properties. Thus kiwano can be recommended as a crop to be grown in the open field in the south of West Siberia and other regions of Russia with similar soil and environmental conditions.

Selection of infected material for research was carried out in experimental carrot plots at GNU VNIIO (Moscow region), Voronezh OOS (Voronezh oblast), Baraccudas OOS (Rostovregion) and Israel. The first year plants of carrot, the roots, were used for the study. There are many scientific papers cited where many different methods of artificial infection of plants with fungal disease pathogens were given to control the stability of carrot genotypes in various phases of plant development. One of the ways to lead the purposed breeding program for resistance is the extraction of pathogens isolates and the method of fast assessment on the basis of determining the aggressiveness of new strains and their use in breeding work. This article presents a method of inoculation of cut-discs of root. A great advantage of the method is in its efficiency and the current results can be obtained within 2 weeks from the moment of infection. As a result, the work on the isolation of fungi from carrot plants, the pure culture collection of strains: Alternaria radicina and Fusarium avenaceum was obtained. The characteristics and morphology description of colonies of isolates of RR. Alternaria and Fusarium found in carrot plants taken from different ecological and geographical zones were given. The most aggressive isolates of the following ecological and geographical zones as Alternaria at Moscow and Rostov regions, Fusarium at Voronezh and Moscow regions were revealed. These isolates will be used as standards of aggressiveness for the test of newly isolated strains regarded as inoculum to conduct immunological experimentsin carrot breeding for resistance to Fusarium and Alternaria.