Molecular markers were used for screening of the onion plants of VNIISSOK's breeding for cytoplasmic male sterility. Allelic variations of the mitochondrial genes orfА501 and cob were reveled among studied onion samples. Use of the PCR-markers for these genes allowed identifying the cytoplasmic types of 14 onion genotypes. Application of these molecular markers in breeding program could help to select genotypes wit certain type of cytoplasm and may be useful for high throughput identification of cytoplasmic male sterile factors in large onion breeding populations.

Some onion species such as A. altaicum, A. odorum, A. fistulosum, A. nutans, A. schoenoprasum, A. altissimum, A.proliferum, A. tuberosum, A. subhirsutum, A.roylei, A.auctum, A.rupestre, A.vavilovii were taken to compare each other applying ISSR markers. Additionally to those interspecific onion hybrids A.cepa x A.nutans and А.сера x A. fistulosum were also analyzed. 5 ISSR primers were selected out of 15 ones tested. 76 % of polymorphic bands were found out. Hybrid progenies of crossing between A. nutans and A.cepa species were in dendrogram a slight closer to A. cepa group, whereas A. nutans was at the similarity with index 0.52 for A.cepa group and 0.49 for hybrid progenies. As it was confirmed the A. fistulosum and A. altaicum were genetically similar. The genetic similarity was also confirmed between A.altissimum and А.schoenoprasum that corresponded to the previous phylogenetic studies.

In 2011, the 130 years from the S.I. Zhegalov's birthday is being celebrated. Segei Ivanovich Zhegalov was a first who gave rise to Russian vegetable plant breeding and seed production. He was a first director of Gribovo Experimental Station which became later the All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Breeding and Seed Production (VNIISSOK).

The content of phenolic compounds (flavonoids, anthocyans and phenolcarbonic acids) was studied in fruits of three species of eggplant ( S. Melongena, S. Integrifolium, S. Aethiopicum) and their F1, hybrids that were grown under condition of low-capacity hydroponics. It was found out that some of F1 hybrids of cultural species of eggplant ( S. Melongena) contained 2,3% of phenolic compounds, whereas content of phenolic compounds in wild species of eggplants ( S. Integrifolium, S. Aethiopicum) reached up to 3%.

On 7 Octobre 2011, Moscow All-Russian forum «The Role of Youth in Improvements of Agricultural Industry of Russia» was held within of work program of XIII Russian Agricultural Exhibition «The Golden Autumn 2011» at the All-Russian Exposition Centre.

Adaptive proprieties of pea accessions can be estimated at the final stage of breeding program in the area of All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Breeding and Seed Production (VNIISSOK) for four years of trial. For effective selection of varieties and hybrids the attention should be paid to searching and elaborating informative environment grounds using for plant selection.

The last 10 years achievements of breeding program for spicy, flavouring and aromatic plant crops at All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Breeding and Seed Production (VNIISSOK) are shown. The concise descriptions of some horticulturally valuable traits among new developed varieties selected at VNIISSOK were given.

Now the 2011 is a Year of Russian Cosmonautic as it was announced according to the edict of President of Russia Federation. The 50 years from the first human's flight into the space is being marked this year. On 12 April, 1961, for the first time in human's history the Soviet citizen Yuri Gagarin was a first man to perform a flight into the space on board of Vostok spaceship. Having flown around the planet he successfully landed. It was a 108 minutes' flight, only one circle which became the greatest event not only for 20b century but also for history of civilization. All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Breeding and Seed Production as some other Research Institutes of RAAS have been now working out the foodstuffs for cosmonauts since the time when Russian Space Exploration Program began.

The technology that is elaborated is to grow purple cone-flower (Echinacea Purpurea L.) producing appropriate roots and rhizomes that can be used to obtain at the same time the additional output in the substance of juice from both the foliage and dry plants. Optimal results on yield and quality of additional output were achieved when the plants were rejuvenated at the stage of budding.

The results presented in the article concerns the variety productivity of annual and biennial peppermint rhizomes grown on sod-podzolic soils with successive and simultaneous addition of mineral, organic fertilizers and lime.