Twenty-five samples of canned fish (tuna and mackerel), frozen fish (mackerel and mazelli) as well as smoked fish (herring); five samples of each were randomly collected from different localities of Alexandria city. Collected samples were subjected to biogenic amine examination. Histamine and Tyramine were determined by HPLC. The highest average value (mg/100g) for histamine was 6.94 (canned tuna) and the lowest was 0.76 (Frozen Mazelli), the respective values for Tyramine were 1.63 (canned tuna) and 0.06 (frozen mazelli) mg/100g. For improvement the quality of raw fish (fresh sardine, 10 kg) during preparation the fresh sardine prior chilling or freezing was dipped into crude potato extract (as protease inhibitor) to reduce biogenic amines production. In order to test the effect of heat treatment on the concentration of the biogenic amines in fish (Frozen mackerel and sardine) were subjected to oven baking at 1506 C for 20 min. This showed high reduction in the percentage of biogenic amine production due to heat treatment. The public health significance of the biogenic amines as well as the suggested measures for improving the quality of produced products has been discussed

A selected group of pharmaceutical compounds were evaluated for the ability to inhibit the biochemical activity of fibrinoligase (coagulation factor XIIIa) in pooled equine plasma. Criteria for the pharmaceuticals selected were based on the mechanism of the transglutamination biochemical reaction mediated by coagulation factor XIIa . These criteria were complemented by recognition of the molecular configuration and chemical composition of amino acid residue side chains involved in the process of covalent fibrin monomer polymerization (cross-linking, transglutamination) mediated by this enzyme. Each pharmaceutical was evaluated individually and in combination with other potential coagulation factor XIIIa inhibitors in an effort to detect additive and synergistic phenomenon. In this context, pharmaceuticals with a carbonylamide (eg, cefuroxime, Girard's reagent-P, prolinamide) were applied in concert with compounds with a terminal amine (eg, D-arginine, L-lysine) functional group. In concept, this method theoretically served to competitively simulate glutamine and lysine amino acid residues within strands of fibrin monomer substrate involved in phase I (carbonylamide) and phase II (terminal amine) of the transglutamination reaction (covalent fibrin monomer cross-linking). Halogen-dinitro and ethylene compounds were also evaluated because of their reported ability to inactivate enzyme systems dependent on an intact sulfhydryl group located at their biochemically active site (eg, cystine amino acid residue). This group of pharmaceutical compounds failed to inhibit the biochemical activity mediated by coagulation factor XIIIa in equine plasma.

This work was applied on sixty cheese samples represented by Kareish ,cheddar and Romano cheeses (20 of each).The samples were submitted to High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) for qualitative and quantitative determination of biogenic amines .The results were summarized as Kareish cheese has higher concentrations of Tyramine and Cadaverine in low and high levels of manufacturing quality ( 29.64 ± 1.72 and 9.91 ± 0.60 mg/100gm) and (17.48 ± 1.09 and 5.61± 0.37 mg/100gm) respectively, Meanwhile, Histamine level was higher in both levels of Romano cheese (22.96 ± 1.17 and 18.35± 1.12 mg/100gm) respectively. Putrescine represented in high levels in cheddar cheese (13.40 ± 1.02 and 10.61 ± 0.74 mg/100gm) respectively. Comparing with the Egyptian Organization for Standardization"EOS" (1996), all the cheese samples were not exceeded the permissible level of Cadaverine in contrast with the other biogenic amines. The study concluded that presence of high concentrations of biogenic amines reflect the bad hygienic conditions under which they produced and stored

Liposomes with entrapped gentamicin were used to treat mice with infection attributable to Brucella melitensis. Liposomes bearing positive charge and formed by egg yolk lecithin, cholesterol, and stearylamine were effective in the elimination of B melitensis residing in liver and spleen. Negatively charged liposomes, formed by egg yolk lecithin, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate were also effective in suppression of the infection in liver, but were less so in suppression of the infection in the spleen. Free gentamicin was less effective than the encapsulated antibiotic. At 20 hours after administration of gentamicin encapsulated in liposomes, the gentamicin concentrations in liver and spleen were similar, regardless of the charge of the liposomes--neutral, positive, or negative. However, positively charged liposomes were more efficient than were other liposome types for the treatment of brucellosis caused by B melitensis.