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النتائج 11 - 18 من 18
Experimental evaluation of tulathromycin as a treatment for Campylobacter jejuni abortion in pregnant ewes النص الكامل
2020
Yeager, Michael J. | Wu, Zuowei | Plummer, Paul J. | Sahin, Orhan | Ocal, Melda Meral | Beyi, Ashenafi F. | Changyun, Xu | Zhang, Qijing | Griffith, Ronald W.
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of tulathromycin for prevention of abortion in pregnant ewes when administered within 24 hours after experimental inoculation with Campylobacter jejuni. ANIMALS 20 pregnant ewes between 72 and 92 days of gestation. PROCEDURES All ewes were inoculated with a field strain of C jejuni (8.5 × 108 to 10.6 × 108 CFUs, IV). Eighteen hours later, ewes received either tulathromycin (1.1 mL/45 kg [2.4 mg/kg], SC; n = 10) or sterile saline (0.9% NaCl) solution (1.1 mL/45 kg, SC; sham; 10). Ewes were euthanized immediately after observation of vaginal bleeding, abortion, or completion of a 21-day observation period. Necropsy was performed on all ewes, and tissue specimens were obtained for bacterial culture and histologic examination. RESULTS 1 sham-treated ewe and 1 tulathromycin-treated ewe developed signs of severe endotoxemia and were euthanized within 24 hours after C jejuni inoculation. Seven sham-treated and 2 tulathromycin-treated ewes developed vaginal bleeding or aborted and were euthanized between 4 and 21 days after C jejuni inoculation. The proportion of tulathromycin-treated ewes that developed vaginal bleeding or aborted during the 21 days after C jejuni inoculation (2/9) was significantly less than that for the sham-treated ewes (7/9). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested that administration of tulathromycin to pregnant ewes following exposure to C jejuni was effective in decreasing the number of C jejuni–induced abortions. Because of concerns regarding the development of macrolide resistance among Campylobacter strains, prophylactic use of tulathromycin in sheep is not recommended.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Factors influencing fecal shedding of Campylobacter jejuni in dogs without diarrhea
1993
Rectal swab specimens were collected from 362 apparently healthy dogs of different origin, age, breed, and sex. Specimens were obtained in summer, autumn, and winter. Ninety-five thermophilic Campylobacter spp were isolated: C jejuni biotype I, n = 57, C jejuni biotype II, n = 1, C coli, n = 36, and C laridis, n = 1. Biotypes of C jejuni recovered were the same as those associated with Campylobacter-induced enteritis in human beings. Prevalence of C jejuni was significantly (P < 0.05) greater: in dogs < 6 months old than in adult dogs; in dogs living under high density and cohabitation housing conditions for long periods; and in autumn.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Comparative study of colonizing and noncolonizing Campylobacter jejuni
1991
Meinersmann, R.J. | Rigsby, W.E. | Stern, N.J. | Kelley, L.C. | Hill, J.E. | Doyle, M.P.
Campylobacter jejuni A74/O and A74/C are congenic strains. An oral dose of 10(5) organisms of strain A74/C colonizes chicken intestines. Strain A74/O, from which A74/C is derived, does not colonize the chicken intestines with an oral dose of 10(5) organisms. In this study, the congenic bacteria were compared to identify possible colonization mechanisms. Differences were not observed in plasmid content or by HindIII, Pst I, Acc I, HincII, Ava I, Ava II, Xba I, and BamHI restriction enzyme digestion of total DNA. Transmission electron microscopy of negatively stained samples revealed no differences between the strains. Sections of cecal tissue from nonfed day-of-hatch chicks were cultured with each strain for 2 hours and then examined by light and electron microscopy. Both strains caused necrosis of villus epithelial cells. Immunofluorescent or silver staining revealed strain A74/C located deep in numerous epithelial crypts, but strain A74/O only was present in one sample mixed with sloughed necrotic cells. Similarly, organisms were detected by transmission electron microscopy deep in crypts in tissues cultured with A74/C, but not A74/O. Cells of A74/C detected in crypts did not appear to associate with epithelial cells. The strains did not differ in chemotactic behavior to mucin or fucose.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Evaluation of Campylobacter jejuni colonization of the domestic ferret intestine as a model of proliferative colitis
1991
Bell, J.A. | Manning, D.D.
Forty 3- to 17-week old domestic ferrets, including 2 gnotobiotes, were inoculated orally and/or rectally with 10(6), to 10(9) colony-forming units of 1 or more of 4 strains of Campylobacter jejuni, 3 of mink and 1 of human origin. Feeding or gavage of any of the 4 strains, in milk or broth, with or without preinoculation sodium bicarbonate treatment to neutralize stomach acid, induced colonization in 38/40 ferrets; diarrhea lasted 2 to 4 days in conventional kits, 6 days in gnotobiotes. Bacteremia was detected in 4 of 18 tested, 2 to 5 days after inoculation. Two strains caused no more severe disease or prolonged colonization after 3 serial IV passages in kits than they did before passage. Multiple inoculations with a given strain resulted in progressively briefer colonization and milder disease, but subsequent inoculation with a different strain induced colonization and gastrointestinal disease similar to a primary infection. Five kits inoculated rectally after 4 previous homologous inoculations were resistant to colonization as well as to disease. Agglutinin titers of ferrets inoculated orally or rectally once were low or undetectable, but increased in response to repeated inoculation. Pretreatment with a 1% formalin enema caused mild colon irritation without clinical or histologic evidence of proliferative colitis in ferrets concurrently inoculated orally and/or rectally, whether or not they had preexisting antibodies to any strain of C jejuni. Histologic examination of tissues revealed leukocytic infiltration of intestinal lamina propria in 29 of 35 infected kits and 5 of 8 noninfected controls, and cryptosporidiosis in 5 infected kits plus 1 control. Examination of silver-stained sections of intestine from 15 infected ferrets revealed Campylobacter-like organisms on the surface of, but never inside, epithelial cells. The lack of characteristic gross or histologic lesions suggested that C jejuni is not, by itself, responsible for proliferative colitis in ferrets.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]The occurrence of some foodborne pathogens recovered from poultry meat in Shahrekord, Iran النص الكامل
2023
Sayed Ahmad Nourbakhsh | Ebrahim Rahimi
Objective: Arcobacter butzleri, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Campylobacter jejuni are significant foodborne pathogens regarding the consumption of raw poultry meat. An existing survey was conducted to assess the occurrence of S. aureus, C. jejuni, A. butzleri, and L. monocytogenes in raw poultry meat samples. Materials and Methods: Ninety-four raw ostrich, turkey, chicken, and quail meat samples were collected and subjected to culture-based analysis. Staphylococcus aureus, C. jejuni, A. butzleri, and L. monocytogenes isolates were confirmed by standard biochemical techniques. Results: The occurrence of A. butzleri, C. jejuni, L. monocytogenes, and S. aureus in poultry meat samples was 11.45%, 17.70%, 1.04%, and 16.66%, respectively. L. monocytogenes was absent in chicken, turkey, and ostrich meat samples. Only one quail meat (4.16%) was positive for L. monocytogenes. The uppermost contamination rate with A. butzleri, C. jejuni, and S. aureus was found in chicken (25%), turkey (25%), and turkey (25%) meat samples, respectively. The concur¬rent occurrence of A. butzleri + C. jejuni + S. aureus bacteria amid the examined poultry meat samples was 2.08%. Conclusion: This is an initial report of A. butzleri, S. aureus, C. jejuni, and L. monocytogenes in poultry meat samples. Adequate cooking of poultry meat can diminish foodborne diseases due to A. butzleri, S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, and C. jejuni bacteria, and these species may constitute a public health problem. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2023; 10(2.000): 205-210]
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Comparison of The Effectiveness of Campylobacter Growth Ability in Culture Media Added Supplements Lysed Sheep's Blood with Lysed Cow's Blood in Chicken Meat Samples النص الكامل
2023
Yezzi Irmanora | Elisa Julianti | Faisal Faisal | Desriwan Angga Putra
Blood is a good growth medium for bacteria by preventing the accumulation of toxic oxygen (peroxide and superoxide) and increasing the growth ability of these bacteria. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of lysed sheep blood and lysed cow blood as a substitute for lysed horse blood on Campylobacter growth media, as well as evaluate the growth of Campylobacter from chicken meat samples on culture media supplemented with lysed sheep blood and lysed cow blood compared to the media cultures using lysed horse blood supplements. The concentration of lysed sheep blood, lysed cow blood, and lysed horse blood used was 5% each. The chicken meat samples used in this study were 30 samples. Based on the results, 14 samples of C. jejuni bacteria showed the ability to grow up to 107 and 16 samples up to 106. In the media added with lysed cow blood supplement only one sample was able to grow up to 106, 17 samples grew up to 105, and 12 samples grew up to 104. These results statistically used the one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test indicating a significant difference significant (P0.05). Further tests using post hoc least significance different (LSD) showed a comparison of the average growth in lysed horse blood, lysed sheep blood, and lysed cow blood significantly different (P 0.05), while the average value of each treatment was the addition of lysed horse blood supplements, lysed sheep blood, and cow blood consecutive lysis was 8.551 ± 0.340, 7.117 ± 0.544, and 5.265 ± 0.548. The addition of lysed sheep blood and lysed cow blood to bolton broth media in this study can be used for C. jejuni isolation. However, the blood of lysed sheep had a higher effectiveness in the ability to grow C. jejuni, which was close to the ability to grow with the addition of lysed horse blood as a control, compared to the addition of lysed cow blood.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Aeromonas hydrophila and Campylobacter jejuni isolated in fresh tuna (Thunnus spp.) sold in São Paulo, Brazil النص الكامل
2016
Andréa Moura Costa | Aline Feola Carvalho | Rodrigo César Fredrigo | Patrícia Freitas Kobayashi | Eliana Scarcelli Pinheiro
Aeromonas hydrophila and Campylobacter jejuni are bacteria of emerging importance in public health. However, little has been published about fish contaminated by these pathogens. The present study aimed to verify the presence of Aeromonas hydrophila and Campylobacter jejuni in fresh tuna samples (Thunnus spp.) caught off the coast of Santa Catarina State and distributed in the wholesale market of São Paulo/SP. A total of 85 tuna fillet samples were collected and examined by PCR and bacteriological analyses. Aeromonas spp. was detected in 11/85 (13%) samples, with 10/11 (90.9 %) being confirmed as Aeromonas hydrophila by PCR. Campylobacter spp. was found in 10/85 (11.7%) samples, 10/10 (100%) identified as Campylobacter jejuni by PCR and conventional biochemical analyses. Both pathogens were found in 2/85 (2.3%) samples. This is the first report on the contamination of fresh tuna by Campylobacter jejuni and Aeromonas hydrophila in Brazil. In addition to show that tuna can be a vehicle for transmission of pathogens when consumed raw, it emphasizes the importance of further studies to support the control these pathogens in fish.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Isolation of some pathogen bacteria from the milk collection tanks
2000
Duzgun, S.(General Directorate of Agricultural Research, Ankara (Turkey)) Inal, U | Turk, N.(Bornova Veterinary Control and Research Inst., Izmir (Turkey))