A 20-year-old gelding suffering from 10 months of relapsing squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) on the penile sheath wastreated with a natural remedy as surgical intervention was not successful. A daily application of herbal ointment healed theulcer within 21 days. No relapse of ulcer was observed 3 months post heal.

Fascioliasis is an importantparasitic disease caused by the liver flukeFasciola gigantica in Malaysia. Theinfestation of liver fluke in ruminants;cattle, sheep, goats and buffaloes can resultin economic losses to the country mainlydue to the drop in livestock production,reduction in growth rate, condemnationof liver, reduction in draught power andhigh usage of anthelmintics. This paperdescribes a case of liver fluke infestationin a two year old male buffalo that waseventually slaughtered. The buffalowas reported to be emaciated and wasreared in an oil palm plantation for useas draught power in buffalo-drawn cartsloaded with oil palm bunches; alongwith 18 other buffaloes of various ages.Previously, there were two cases of buffalodeaths from the same herd. The organand faecal samples were sent to KuantanRegional Veterinary Laboratory (RVL)for diagnostic work up. The receivedsamples were then sent to parasitology,histopathology and bacteriology sectionsfor laboratory analysis and confirmationon the pathogens. The bacteriology resultshowed Escherichia coli isolated in allinternal organs. Presence of adult flukes(Fasciola gigantica) were observed inthe bile duct of the liver through grossexamination and also histopathologicalevaluation and supported by the positiveresult of Fasciola ova via sedimentationtest conducted from the faecal sample, thusjustifying the final diagnosis as severe liverfluke infestation leading to emaciation andsimultaneously having colibacillosis.

A 2-year-old male stray dog was found to be bleeding from the penile sheath for two months. Physical examination by penile extrusion revealed a severe proliferative and hemorrhagic mass at the bulbar glandis. A natural product ointment was applied in an aerosol spray weekly to evaluate the progress of tumour regression. The reduction in size of the mass at the bulbar glandis was observed within seven days of treatment with the spray of a natural product, namely a liquid mixture of Catharanthus roseus and Cynodon dactylon. Complete resolution of tumor mass was achieved in 4 weeks. The bleeding from the mass was halted within 24 hours of first sprayingwhich exhibited a potent anti-inflammatory effect of local herbs. This preliminary study was conducted to establish the potential use of herbal plants for routine non-invasive treatment of transmissible venereal tumor in a male dog.

A study was carried out to analyse the efficacy of neem leaf powder, administered in a capsule against coccidiosis in young goats as well as to identify the species of coccidia found in a selected private farm in Sungai Siput, Perak. A total of seven Eimeria spp were found, in faecal samples from the experimental goats, namely; E. arloingi,E. hirci, E. alijevi, E. christenseni, E. jolchijevi, E. ninakohlyakimovae and E. caprina at a rate of 40%, 23%, 14%, 7%, 5% and 2% respectively. Two types of treatment for coccidiosis, herbal and synthetic, were given to 24 young goats for a period of 8 weeks to evaluate the effectiveness of a herbal product, that is the neem leaf powder capsule, a product of the Veterinary Research Institute.Results show that there is no significant differences (p>0.01) between neem capsule treatment and a synthetic drug (sulphurbased) treatment in treating coccidiosis infection. This study shows that neem leaf powder can be an effective substitute for controlling coccidiosis in goats

A 2-year-old (63 days) pregnant female dachshund dog was presented to the Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex (TVCC) with complaint of a progressively growing swelling in the caudal ventral abdominal area. History, physical examination, radiography and ultrasonography confirmed an inguinal hystrocoele. A ventral midline incisionon the mass was made to relieve the foetuses and reduction of contents, and herniorrhaphy was performed. Sutures were removed on 7th post-operative day and the animal had an uneventful recovery.

TVT, also known as infectious sarcoma, venereal granuloma, transmissible lymphosarcoma or sticker tumour is a benign reticuloendothelial tumour that affects particularly mucosa of external genital organs and rarely internal genital organs in dogs of both genders. TVT is usually transmitted by coitus but also can be transmitted by licking, sniffing, biting,and scrabbling of the tumour affected area or through damaged skin of mucosa. Transmissible venereal tumour (TVT) is usually observed in stray animals live in tropical and subtropical lands. The affected animals are usually within 9-13 months of age and with high sexual activity. Tumour is frequently located in posterior vagina and vestibulovaginal junction. The averagechromosome count of TVT cells is 59 (57- 64). TVT specific antibodies were found in blood samples of affected animalswhich suggest that they may have a role in natural regression mechanism. The primary objective of tumour treatment is total elimination by surgery, radiotherapy, immunotherapy and/or chemotherapy. Controlling of the disease is very difficult because stray dogs are carriers.

Septicaemic pasteurellosis is a fatal, sometimes epidemic, bacterial disease of domestic and wild animals including deer, bison, elk, and pronghorn antelope caused by Pasteurella multocida. This is the case report of septicaemic pasteurellosisin a captive sambar deer. The carcass was sent from Royal Endurance Stable, Bachok, Kelantan to the Kota Bharu RegionalVeterinary Laboratory for post-mortem. Gross examination of organs was followed by collection of specimens from lung, kidney,liver, spleen and heart for histopathology and bacterial examination. Pooled organ samples with rumen content were collected and sent to the nearest Chemistry Department for investigation. For histology, the liver, lung, spleen, kidney, and heart specimens were fixed in 10% neutral formalin, and routinely embedded in paraffin. Fivemicrometer sections were stained with H&E. Other tests such as worm and ectoparasiteidentification were conducted to identify the parasites. Post-mortem lesions revealed generalised haemorrhage in the organs.Pasteurella multocida serogroup B and E. coli were isolated from multiple tissues of the animal. Histological examination alsorevealed severe congestion and haemorhage of multiple tissues with infiltration of the inflammatory cells. The most likely mode of transmission of these bacteria is through an infected wound and into the bloodstream, thereby causing severe septicemia and death to the animal.

A study was conducted inthe Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex,College of Veterinary Animal Sciences,Mannuthy to evaluate the efficacy ofclindamycin as potential monotherapytreatment plan for Babesia gibsoni infectionin dogs during the period from January2013 to March 2014. Dogs of variousbreeds and age groups belonging to bothsexes diagnosed of having Babesia gibsoniinfection by blood smear examination andconfirmed by PCR were selected for thestudy. These animals were treated withclindamycin @ 11mg/kg bw IV q24hr for10 days and supported with haematinics.All animals showed clinical cure withimprovement in appetite and physicalactivity, increase in haematologicalparameters including platelet count andimprovement in serum chemistry values.

This is a case report ofa captive female green peafowl (Pavomuticus) that was presented with severescaly legs with raised encrusted scaleson both legs. Diagnosis of scaly leg mitewas made based on history, clinical signs,and results of parasitological examinationfrom deep skin scrapping from the areaof lesions and response to treatment.Treatment consisted of Ivermectinsolution, administered orally at a doserate of 0.2 mg/kg. The gross lesionswere completely resolved 28 days posttreatment. It was concluded that based onthe treatment given, knemidocoptiasis orscaly leg can be successfully controlledwith good prognosis in captive birds. Careshould be taken as the mite is transmittedfrom bird to bird through prolonged closeor direct contact.

The aim of this study is to determine the phytochemical constituent of Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam (Jackfruit) and its effectiveness as an alternative for the anthelmintic treatment of parasitic nematodes in ruminants. Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam leaves were used to test on L3 nematode larva harvested from fecal culture. There are four species of parasitic nematodes identified, namely: Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus sp., Cooperia sp., and Oesophagostomum sp. Haemonchus contortus was found to be the most dominant, followed by Trichostrongylus sp., Cooperia sp., and Oesophagostomum sp. The phytochemical test of Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam leaves was revealed to possess alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, tripertenes and steroids. These components were shown to be effective at causing paralysis and deaths of parasitic nematode in the larval motility assay, where 100 % of the nematodes tested were killed below 6 hours at 5.0 mg/ml concentration; and inhibit migration in the larval migration assay, where migration of the larva was completely inhibited in 2 hours using 2.0 mg/ml concentration. The results suggest that Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam leaves can be used as an alternative for the anthelmintic treatment in goats and sheep.