Cadmium and zinc are often found in aquatic environment and may accumulate in living organisms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotoxic effect of Cd, Zn, and their binary mixture on the peripheral blood erythrocytes of Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio B.).

Objective: Environmental pollution and the resultant genotoxicity, has become a major livestock, public and environmental health concern with direct impact on the ecosystem. Here, application of micronucleus test and frequency score as a potential biomarker of genotoxic effect and bio-monitoring have been discussed aiming at exploring environmental polution.Materials and methods: A total of 100 domestic goats slaughtered at the Bodija Municipal Abattoir were used in this study. Blood sample was analyzed for the quantification of the hematological parameters. The bone marrow smear was viewed microscopically for the detection of micronucleus and other nuclear abnormalities. The frequency of micronucleus was quantified to group the sampled goats into MN-positive and MN-negative groups for further analysis.Results: MN was positive in 21% of the sampled goats with varying frequency ranging from (6-15% count per 2000 cells examined). Bi-nucleation, multi-nucleation and high mitotic index were also observed and quantified. The packed cell volume, mean corpuscular volume and neutrophil count were significantly lower (P<0.05) in the MN-positive groups while anemia was reported in 33.3% of the MN-positive goats.Conclusion: The finding indicates the prevalence and frequency of micronucleus as a biomarker of genotoxicity and an indicator of exposure to environmental genotoxic subtances. Hence, this highlights the relevance of these goats as important sentinel animal model. These findings, therefore, serve as a preliminary data for further studies on the latent genotoxic environmental contaminants and their potential deleterious impact. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2017; 4(3.000): 281-287]

Cancer is a growing threat to human and animal health, The use of synthetic chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer is short because of lack of appropriate safety due to their drastic side effects. So, this study evaluated the ameliorative effect of Chrysanthemum on genotoxicity as well as renal and hepatic toxicity of Capecitabine (xeloda), as a model of anticancer drug. Thirty six male albino rat were divided into 6 groups. Serum samples were taken at 21 and 45 days and bone marrow samples at 45 days. Comet assay, biochemical tests for liver and kidney functions were done also serum oxidative biomarker were measured. The results of the present study revealed that capecitabine (xeloda) caused harmful genotoxic effect, biochemical changes in oxidative biomarkers, liver and kidney function, however the use of capecitabine (xeloda) in combination with Chrysanthemum ameliorated these changes especially with high dose. In conclusion, capecitabine adverse effects could be successfully alleviated through the co-administration of the natural antioxidant Chrysanthemum.