Pathophysiologic effects of Ostertagia ostertagi infection and their prevention by strategic anthelmintic treatments were studied in 3 groups each of 6 steer calves. Group-1 calves were noninfected controls. Group-2 calves were inoculated with 100,000 third-stage larvae on the 1st and 28th days of the experiment and grazed on pasture initially free of contamination. Group-3 calves were on a similar regimen as those in group 2, but were also treated with ivermectin 9 days after each larval inoculation. Group-2 calves had increased plasma pepsinogen and gastrin values and decreased weight gains, and total serum protein and albumin concentrations from the 2nd week of infection onward. They were anemic at 10 to 12 weeks and had lower carcass and meat quality at slaughter. Strategic anthelmintic treatments were effective in preventing these effects and calves in groups 1 and 3 had similar performances. On the basis of our findings, high pepsinogen values were related to worm burdens, whereas high gastrin concentrations were related to gastric lesions.

In mammalian species studied previously, pepsinogen consisted of biochemically different groups of isozymogens. By use of gel filtration chromatography and electrophoresis, we isolated a predominant pepsinogen from the gastric mucosa of a horse. Peptide mapping with V8 protease revealed differences with its porcine homologue. However, porcine and equine pepsinogens, when activated to pepsin, had a similar pattern of activity when hemoglobin was used as substrate. Those results suggest that differences must exist in the primary structure of the pepsinogens of the 2 species.

Trichinella spiralis is one of the important zoonotic parasites with a wide variety of vertebrates hosts in nature. The purpose of this study were to analyze ESP(Excretory-Secretory Protein) antigen, to evaluate ELISA for the serological diagnosis of Trichinosis, and to survey T. spiralis infection in finishing pigs using the pepsin digestion method and ELISA in Korea. In the analysis of ESP antigen by SDS-PAGE and Western blot, 4 major bands (70, 55, 52.6, and 49 kDa) were revealed from the ESP antigen. Predilection sites of T. spiralis were the diaphragm, the tongue, masseter muscles, intercostal muscle, and hindlimb in orders in the experimentally infected rats.

<p>The fitness of formalin - treated materials for use in rapid rabies diagnosis was evaluated through Fluorescent Antibody (FA) test, using the digestion technique of pepsin and trypsin and the impression method of slide preparation. To achievc this proposal, brain fragments of experimentally rabid mice were submitted to different treatments of brain preservation by either using. pH adjusted formalin solutions or refrigeration, and the FA tests were run at ten experimental phases for a test period of 28 days. The results of FA reactivity ranged from 90.0% to 58.0%, depending on the treatments submitted; under the condition of the experiment, brain specimens should be maintained at refrigerating temperature until 96 hours for suitable FA examination, over this period the results should be irregular due to tissue degradation. The preservation of brain fragments in formalin, with further enzymatic digestion of pepsin and trypsin and the use of impression method did not mask or alter the virus antigenicity for adequate identification through FA technique, although the procedures should never substitute the existing methods of rapid rabies diagnosis.</p> | <p>Avaliou-se a adequação do emprego de cérebros preservados em formol para o estabelecimento rápido do diagnóstico da raiva pela reação de imunofluorescência direta, utilizando a técnica de digestão enzimática de pepsina e tripsina e método de impressão para o preparo de lâminas. O delineamento proposto contou com fragmentos de cérebros de camundongos experimentalmente infectados submetidos a diferentes tratamentos de conservação, com o uso de soluções de formol com pH corrigidos, ou submetidos à refrigeração; os testes de imunofluorescência foram realizados em 10 fases experimentais, por um período de 28 dias. Os resultados da prova de imunofluorescência variaram de 58.0% a 90.0% de positividade, dependendo dos tratamentos dispensados. Nas condições do experimento, os materiais destinados à prova de imunofluorescência podem ser conservados em temperatura de refrigeração por até 96 horas; após este período aumentam os resultados irregulares devido à degradação tissular. Nos tecidos mantidos em formol e após digestão enzimática, com a aplicação do método de impressão, observou-se o fenômeno de restauração da antigenicidade do vírus rábico, permitindo uma adequada identificação através da prova de imunofluorescência; no entanto, estes procedimentos não devem substituir os métodos atualmente empregados para o diagnóstico rápido da raiva.</p>