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Increased peroxidation of erythrocytes of stress-susceptible pigs: an improved diagnostic test for porcine stress syndrome.
1989
Duthie G.G. | Arthur J.R. | Bremner P. | Kikuchi Y. | Nicol F.
When incubated with solutions of hydrogen peroxide, erythrocytes of stress-susceptible pigs produced more by-products of lipid peroxidation (as measured as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances [TBARS]) than did erythrocytes from stress-resistant pigs. Using this technique, discrimination between the 2 pig types was absolute at hydrogen peroxide concentrations of 0.9 and 1.5%. This was in contrast to other methods of identifying stress-susceptible pigs, such as osmotically induced erythrocyte lysis and the determination of plasma pyruvate kinase and creatine kinase activities, for which considerable overlap of data was observed between pig types. The increased TBARS production by erythrocytes was further evidence for the existence of an antioxidant abnormality in stress-susceptible pigs. However, because there were no discernible differences in the major blood antioxidant-related values between stress-susceptible and stress-resistant pigs, the nature of the defect remains unclear. The production of TBARS by erythrocytes when incubated with hydrogen peroxide provides an improved method for identifying stress-susceptible pigs.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Effect of transport on feeder calves.
1988
Cole N.A. | Camp T.H. | Rowe L.D. Jr. | Stevens D.G. | Hutcheson D.P.
Effects of bolus injection of epinephrine and norepinephrine on systolic time intervals in stress-resistant and stress-susceptible pigs.
1986
Malo D. | DeRoth L.
Increased numbers of duodenal mucosal mast cells in turkeys inoculated with hemorrhagic enteritis virus.
1992
Opengart K. | Eyre P. | Domermuth C.H.
The relation between average duodenal mast cell count, duodenal mucosal mast cell numbers, duodenal connective tissue mast cell numbers, circulating basophil numbers, heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and lesion score were studied to gain an understanding of the events that may lead to intestinal lesion formation associated with hemorrhagic enteritis virus (HEV) infection. Changes in vascular permeability in the duodenum in birds inoculated with HEV were examined, using colloidal carbon and ferritin as vascular markers. Turkeys inoculated with HEV had significantly (P < 0.05) higher duodenal mast cell counts than did noninfected controls. Birds inoculated with HEV had significantly (P < 0.05) more mucosal mast cells than did phosphate-buffered saline solution-inoculated birds. Connective tissue mast cell and basophil numbers were unaffected by viral inoculation. Thermal stress did not have significant effect on lesion severity, but did increase number of birds that developed the characteristic intestinal lesions. The heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in HEV-inoculated birds, compared with phosphate-buffered saline solution-inoculated controls. Increase in vascular permeability was only detected in HEV-inoculated birds with intestinal lesions. Results indicate that mast cells, and the vasoactive mediators contained within mast cells, may be important in the early manifestation of HEV infection. They also provide a possible mechanism through which biochemical and physiologic changes characteristic of HEV infection can occur.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Relationships between young stallions's temperament and their behavioral reactions during standardized veterinary examinations. النص الكامل
2012
Peeters, Marie | Verwilghen, Denis | Serteyn, Didier | Vandenheede, Marc
Relationships between young stallions's temperament and their behavioral reactions during standardized veterinary examinations. النص الكامل
2012
Peeters, Marie | Verwilghen, Denis | Serteyn, Didier | Vandenheede, Marc
peer reviewed
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Relationships between young stallions’ temperament and their behavioral reactions during standardized veterinary examinations النص الكامل
2012
Peeters, Marie | Verwilghen, Denis | Serteyn, Didier | Vandenheede, Marc
Horse handling and veterinary examination can induce hazardous stress reactions. Such reactions occur especially in young and less-trained horses, particularly stallions, and make their handling a risk for breeders, grooms, and medical staff. Moreover, these stressful situations will affect the animal’s health and welfare. Because stress reactivity is thought to be partly determined by genetic factors, scientists, veterinarians, and breeders are likely to be interested in adding temperament assessments to stallion selection schemes, as it is already done in some countries. This study assesses young stallions’ temperament and its comparison with their stress reactions during a standardized veterinary examination for studbook admission. The assessment consists of a general examination, a lameness examination including flexion tests, an endoscopy of the upper airway, and a standardized radiological examination. During the years 2008 and 2009, 93 stallions were evaluated. Stallions were observed from the moment they were unloaded from the trailer at the clinic until the end of veterinary examinations. In addition to the behavioral observations made by the experimenter, each staff member in charge of the examination filled in a short questionnaire about the horse’s temperament and the “easiness of manipulation” for the performed examinations. Breeders were asked to complete a longer questionnaire about their horse’s temperament. The assessments of “aggressiveness,” “sociability,” and “learning level” temperament traits were the most consistent, as shown by the significant Spearman correlations between judges’ assessments. Undesirable behaviors during veterinary examinations leading to handling difficulties were associated with a low “easiness of manipulation” score assessed by the clinical staff. These low “easiness of manipulation” scores were positively correlated to temperament traits such as “anxiousness” and “aggressiveness” and negatively correlated to others such as “sociability” or “learning level.” Temperament assessment and behavioral observations can therefore be used to anticipate behaviors that make a horse difficult to handle during veterinary examinations. Thus, it may be important to include temperament assessment as a feature in the selection of breeding stallions—as already practiced for some breeds in some countries. Such evaluations may promote the welfare of horses and ease of handling as well as safety for the handler.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]The preventive role of Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira platensis) in immune and oxidative insults in a stress-induced rat model النص الكامل
2021
Seyidoğlu Nilay | Köşeli Eda | Gurbanlı Rovshan | Aydın Cenk
The preventive role of Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira platensis) in immune and oxidative insults in a stress-induced rat model النص الكامل
2021
Seyidoğlu Nilay | Köşeli Eda | Gurbanlı Rovshan | Aydın Cenk
There is a balance between oxidative stress, antioxidant capacity and immune response. Their roles in physiological and behavioural mechanisms are important for the maintenance of the organism’s internal equilibrium. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant effects of the exogenous alga Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira platensis) in a stress-induced rat model, and to describe its possible mechanism of action.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]The preventive role of Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira platensis) in immune and oxidative insults in a stress-induced rat model النص الكامل
2021
Seyidoğlu, Nilay | Köşeli, Eda | Gurbanlı, Rovshan | Aydın, Cenk
There is a balance between oxidative stress, antioxidant capacity and immune response. Their roles in physiological and behavioural mechanisms are important for the maintenance of the organism’s internal equilibrium. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant effects of the exogenous alga Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira platensis) in a stress-induced rat model, and to describe its possible mechanism of action. Thirty-six adult male Sprague Dawley rats were separated into four groups: control (C), stress (S), S. platensis (Sp), and S. platensis + stress (SpS). The rats in groups Sp and SpS were fed with 1,500 mg/kg b.w./day Spirulina platensis for 28 days. All rats were exposed to prolonged light phase conditions (18 h light : 6 h dark) for 14 days. The SpS and S groups were exposed to stress by being kept isolated and in a crowded environment. Blood samples were obtained by puncturing the heart on the 28th day. The effect of stress on serum corticosterone, oxidative stress markers (TOS, TAC, PON1, OSI) and immunological parameters (IL-2, IL-4, IFN-ɣ) were tested. Also, the brain, heart, intestines (duodenum, ileum, and colon), kidney, liver, spleen, and stomach of the rats were weighed. Serum corticosterone levels were higher in the S group than in the C group, and significantly lower in the SpS group than in the S group. Mean total antioxidant capacity were lower in the S group than in the C group, and Spirulina reversed this change. Although not significantly different, IL-2 was lower in the S group than in the C group. However, in the SpS group, IL-2 increased due to Spirulina platensis mitigating effects of stress. Male rats fed a diet with Spirulina platensis could experience significantly milder physiological changes during stress, although stress patterns may be different. Exogenous antioxidant supplements merit further investigation in animals and humans where the endogenous defence mechanism against stress may not be sufficient.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Heat Stress and Seasonal Dissipation of Circulating Zonulin Levels Among Calves in Aydın Region النص الكامل
2022
Alıç Ural, Deniz
Zonulin, a well-recognized protein, is influencing the integrity of intercellular connections in the intestines. It has also been evidenced that heat stress (hS) might alter intestinal permeability. In the present retrospective field research the aim was to investigate the gastrointestinal permeability of calves exposed to hS (especially in summer) by determining serum zonulin levels and their relationship to seasonal dissipation among appearently healthy calves. As two different months represented 2 seasons, serum zonulin concentrations in January 2022 (at 20:00 pm 4°C and 08:00 am 10°C) and June 2022 (at 20:00 pm 19°C and 08:00 am 27°C) exhibited significant differences. Inter-group and intra-group comparison showed statistically significant differences (p=0.012) both in seasonal distribution and spatial distribution at different day/night times. When compared between the January and June groups, the mean zonulin levels (ng/mL) at 12 pm and 08:00 am in the January group were 28.04±12.49 vs. 11.55±8.45, respectively (p=0.012). On the other hand at June group the mean zonulin levels at 12 pm and 08.00 am were 58.54±19.16 vs 24.03±9.9, respectively (p=0.012). Obtained results should be cautiously subjected to interpretation, in which hS affect intestinal integrity and seasonal dissipation of circulating zonulin levels should be taken into consideration for intestinal health of calves.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]REPORT ON AN OUTBREAK OF BABESIOSIS IN TELLICHERRY GOATS النص الكامل
2024
T.Muthuramalingam | P.Pothiappan | P.Tensingh Gnanaraj | S. Meenakshi Sundaram | T.R. Pugazhenthi | S. Parthiban
The prevalence of Babesia infection was studied in newly purchased Tellicherry goats from Thalasserry, Kerala State to a private goat farm at Chennai. A total number of 168 goats were examined for the presence of Babesia. The study revealed that 58 (34.5%) goats were infected with Babesia ovis. The prevalence of Babesia infection between males and females and different age groups of goats was non-significant. Infected goats showed varying clinical signs of inappetence, depression, increased respiratory rate, weakness, coughing, nasal discharge, ocular discharge, diarrhea, body temperature ranging 39.5- 41.2oC and abortion. Blood parameters revealed decrease in total red blood cells (RBC) count, haemoglobin concentration (Hb), Volume of packed red cells (VPRC), platelets counts and increase in lymphocyte and neutrophil count.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]REPORT ON AN OUTBREAK OF BABESIOSIS IN TELLICHERRY GOATS النص الكامل
2024
T.Muthuramalingam | P.Pothiappan | P.Tensingh Gnanaraj | S. Meenakshi Sundaram | T.R. Pugazhenthi | S. Parthiban
The prevalence of Babesia infection was studied in newly purchased Tellicherry goats from Thalasserry, Kerala State to a private goat farm at Chennai. A total number of 168 goats were examined for the presence of Babesia. The study revealed that 58 (34.5%) goats were infected with Babesia ovis. The prevalence of Babesia infection between males and females and different age groups of goats was non-significant. Infected goats showed varying clinical signs of inappetence, depression, increased respiratory rate, weakness, coughing, nasal discharge, ocular discharge, diarrhea, body temperature ranging 39.5- 41.2oC and abortion. Blood parameters revealed decrease in total red blood cells (RBC) count, haemoglobin concentration (Hb), Volume of packed red cells (VPRC), platelets counts and increase in lymphocyte and neutrophil count.
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