خيارات البحث
النتائج 11 - 20 من 2,628
Filoviral haemorrhagic fevers: A threat to Zambia?
2012
Katendi Changula | A.S. Mweene
Filoviral haemorrhagic fevers (FVHF) are caused by agents belonging to Filoviridae family, Ebola and Marburg viruses. They are amongst the most lethal pathogens known to infect humans. Incidence of FVHF outbreaks are increasing, with affected number of patients on the rise. Whilst there has been no report yet of FVHF in Zambia, its proximity to Angola and Democratic Republic of Congo, which have recorded major outbreaks, as well as the open borders, increased trade and annual migration of bats between these countries, puts Zambia at present and increased risk. Previous studies have indicated bats as potential reservoir hosts for filoviruses. An increasing population with an increasing demand for resources has forced incursion into previously uninhabited land, potentially bringing them into contact with unknown pathogens, reservoir hosts and/or amplifying hosts. The recent discovery of a novel arenavirus, Lujo, highlights the potential that every region, including Zambia, has for being the epicentre or primary focus for emerging and re-emerging infections. It is therefore imperative that surveillance for potential emerging infections, such as viral haemorrhagic fevers be instituted. In order to accomplish this surveillance, rapid detection, identification and monitoring of agents in patients and potential reservoirs is needed. International co-operation is the strategy of choice for the surveillance and fight against emerging infections. Due to the extensive area in which filoviral infections can occur, a regional approach to surveillance activities is required, with regional referral centres. There is a need to adopt shared policies for the prevention and control of infectious diseases. There is also need for optimisation of currently available tests and development of new diagnostic tests, in order to have robust, highly sensitive and specific diagnostic tests that can be used even where there are inadequate laboratories and diagnostic services.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Rinderpest : an historical overview : historical overview : Onderstepoort and veterinary research in Africa
2009
P. Roeder
Rinderpest is one of the few diseases which have changed the course of world history. Originally an Asian disease, for centuries it had a devastating impact in Europe when introduced by returning and marauding armies accompanied by cattle as well as by cattle trade. Nowhere was its impact more dramatically expressed than in Africa where the sequel to its introduction into the Horn of Africa was a devastating panzootic throughout sub-Saharan Africa during the last decade of the 19th century extending into the 20th century. Massive deaths of livestock, wild animals and the people dependent on them led to widespread human misery and changed the face of the African continent forever.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]An immunohistochemical study of ovarian innervation in the emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae)
2008
M.C. Madekurozwa
The present study investigated the distribution of nerves in the ovary of the emu. The neuronal markers, protein gene product 9.5, neurofilament protein and neuron specific enolase demonstrated the constituents of the extrinsic and intrinsic ovarian neural systems. The extrinsic neural system was composed of ganglia in the ovarian stalk, as well as nerve bundles, which were distributed throughout the ovary. Isolated neuronal cell bodies, in the medulla and cortex, formed the intrinsic neural system. An interesting finding of the study was the presence of nerve bundles, circumscribed by lymphocytes, in the ovarian stalk. The findings of the study indicate that the distribution of nerve fibres and neuronal cell bodies in the emu ovary is similar, but not identical to that of the domestic fowl and ostrich.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Influence of direct-fed microbial blend and Ferula elaeochytris on in vitro rumen fermentation pattern and degradability during simulated ruminal acidosis
2022
Sizmaz Ozge | Mickdam Elsayed | Eren Gultepe Eyüp
The use of probiotics and phytobiotics has attracted interest because of their protective effect against acidosis. Ferula elaeochytris (FE) is considered a good source of bioactive compounds, mainly monoterpene α-pinene. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a direct-fed microbial blend (Pro) and FE on rumen fermentation parameters in vitro under normal and acidosis conditions.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Molecular detection, risk factors and public awareness of avian bornavirus among captive and non-captive birds in Peninsular Malaysia
2022
Lutpi Syamsiah Mohd | Abu Jalila | Arshad Siti Suri | Rahaman Nor Yasmin
Proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) is caused by avian bornavirus (ABV) has been identified in psittacine, non-psittacine birds and waterfowl. Birds may show signs of gastrointestinal tract deficit or neurological dysfunction or even both. The objectives of this study were to determine the molecular prevalence, risk factors and public awareness of ABV and PDD among captive and non-captive birds in Peninsular Malaysia.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Evaluation of a real-time PCR in combination with a cultivation method for the detection of Brucella abortus in organs of infected cattle in southern Italy
2022
Manzulli Viviana | Rondinone Valeria | Serrecchia Luigina | Petrella Antonio | Scaltrito Domenico | Marino Leonardo | Pace Lorenzo | Luigia Prencipe Maria | Cipolletta Dora | Nitti Mauro | Fasanella Antonio | Poppa Elena | Galante Domenico
Brucellosis is a widespread zoonosis of great economic importance for livestock farming in many areas of the world. It is a highly infectious disease which is diagnosed using conventional serological and microbiological methods. The aim of this study was to assess the efficiency of a specific real-time PCR in combination with broth cultivation in detecting Brucella spp. in organs of infected cattle, in order to compare the sensitivity of the two approaches and the time needed in them until a correct diagnosis is made.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Vaccine-induced rabies in a red fox in Poland
2022
Smreczak Marcin | Orłowska Anna | Müller Thomas | Freuling Conrad M. | Kawiak-Sadurska Magdalena | Trębas Paweł
Rabies as a zoonosis threatens public health worldwide. Several thousand people die each year of infections by the rabies virus (RABV). Oral rabies vaccination (ORV) of wildlife was successfully implemented in many European countries and led to rabies being brought under control there. In Poland, ORV was introduced in 1993 using vaccines containing an attenuated strain of the rabies virus. However, attenuated rabies viruses may have residual pathogenicity and cause the disease in target and non-target animals.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Potential risk of botulinum neurotoxin -producing clostridia occurrence in canned fish
2022
Jarosz Aleksandra | Grenda Tomasz | Goldsztejn Magdalena | Kozak Beata | Kwiatek Krzysztof
Heat treatment is indispensable in fish canning to provide an acceptable shelf life. Its optimisation reduces the risk of the presence of Clostridium botulinum spores, which could potentially cause botulism cases. This study evaluated canned fish samples for botulism neurotoxin (BoNT)-producing clostridia contamination and can bulging through microbiological contaminant growth. A new analytical approach was developed for detection of such clostridia and phenotypically similar species.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Dynamics of the African swine fever spread in Poland
2022
Bocian Łukasz | Frant Maciej | Ziętek-Barszcz Anna | Niemczuk Krzysztof | Szczotka-Bochniarz Anna
African swine fever (ASF) is a lethal haemorrhagic disease of Suidae, present in Poland since 2014. The natural reservoir of ASF in Europe is the wild boar (Sus scrofa); however, human activity facilitates long-distance introductions of the disease. In ASF control it is important to identify areas at increased risk of infection. Such identification and estimation of the disease’s progress and subsequent spread will help to identify the specific preventive action needs in given zones. Serving this purpose, this study is a spatial and statistical analysis of ASF spread through noted outbreak data.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Histamine content in selected production stages of fish products
2022
Madejska Anna | Pawul-Gruba Marzena | Osek Jacek
Histamine intoxication, known as scombroid fish poisoning, is caused by the consumption of foods with high levels of histamine. This biogenic amine is formed as a result of histidine decarboxylation by bacterial decarboxylases present in food, including fish and fish products. The aim of this study was to investigate the content of histamine at different production stages of canned, marinated and smoked fish.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]