Ehrlichiosis (Ehrlichia spp.) was detected in 132(70 Iranian,32 Turkish and 30 local breed)calves (10-14 months old) and 18 dairy cows of local breed (3-5 years old). Animals were brought to Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mosul –Iraq from different farms of Mosul city-Iraq, with clinical signs of fever(40-41C0),anorexia ,emaciation, decrease of milk yield in dairy cows ,paleness of mucous membrane, lymph node enlargement and ticks were detected on different body regions .All blood and buffy coat smears of calves were positive for morula like structures inside the cytoplasm of neutrophils , lymphocytes and monocytes when staining by Giemsa and Wright stains. For all animals , the appearance of Ehrlichia spp. Organisms in leukocytes coincided with erythropenia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia and a decrease in hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration. For eighteen dairy cows, Ehrlichia spp. organisms were identified in leukocytes of blood and milk samples. This is apparently the first evidence for Ehrlichia spp. infection in cattle in Iraq. In conclusion, the present study documents that Ehrlichia infection exists in Mosul-Iraq and indicates that the bacterium has been present but unnoticed in the area .Further investigation will be needed in order to characterize different species of Ehrlichia infection in cattle, and explain the role of vector and imported animals in introduction of the disease to our country

The developmental study of adrenal gland has been done on the local rabbit fetuses and neonate, which including a morphological and histological description of the adrenal gland. The study revealed that the differentiation of the adrenal gland began in the rabbit between twenty two and twenty four days from pregnancy as adrenal cortex and medulla and relatively completed it is histologically pictures at twelve days old. Also the study showedthat the adrenal cortex composed of three zones: zonaglomerulosa or the zonaarcuata , the zona fasciculate and the zonareticularisglomerulus, whilethe medulla have dark and light cells.The purpose of our study was to provide a more complete quantitive description of the histomorphology of the adrenal gland in rabbits during prenatal and postnatalperiods.

A substantial advance in our understanding on the estrogen signaling occurred in the last decade. Estrogens interact with two receptors, ESR1 and ESR2, also known as ERα and ERβ, respectively. ESR1 and ESR2 belong to the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors. 24 male mice divided into four groups as following : negative control, low dose group, intermediate dose group and high dose group, the groups of treatment were injected with estrogen at different doses while the negative control group were injected with normal saline (by method of intramuscular injection for all groups) and after 6 weeks all animals had been killed and the prostate was picked up and sectioned to reveal the histopathological changes. the study found that the injection of exogenous estrogen result in marked hyperplasia of the prostatic tissue and the hyperplasia increased significantly with elevation of the estrogen dose. In conclusion injection of exogenous estrogen lead to prostate hyperplasia through its action on the estrogen receptors which present in both stromal and epithelial component of the prostate

The objective of the present study were to evaluate hemogram, acute phase response, acid base balance and blood gas analysis in newborn calves infected with Theileria annulata . The study was conducted on 55 local newborn calves (male and female), 1-9 days old. The study was carried out in Mosul , Iraq. Forty five newborn calves were infected with Theileria annulata. and Ten clinically normal calves served as controls. Diseased calves showed sings of fever ,unilateral or bilateral visible swelling of superficial lymph nodes. pronounced upward bulging of temporal fossa, outward bulge of conjunctivae with exophthalmos, paleness and/or icteric mucus membranes with petechial hemorrhages on the conjunctiva, lacrimation, dyspnea and depression. There was a significant reduction in the mean values of erythrocytes count, Hb and PCV,in diseased newborn calves infected with Theileria annulata and anemia was of Macrocytic hypochromic type. The percentage of hemoparasitism (parasitemia) ranged between (3-18%) with a mean of (11.88%). Results also indicated significant increase in total leukocytes count as results of significant increase lymphocytes. Diagnosis of Theileriosis were confirmed by microscopical examination of Giemsa stained lymph node aspirate and peripheral blood smears. Results were also showed significant decrease in blood pH,Pco2,Bicarbonate, Base access and Oxygen saturation percent(So2) ,However significant increase in Anion gab was found and Titritional metabolic acidosis were indicated. Moreover results show significant decrease in haptoglobin and fibrinogen in diseased newborns calves than in controls.It have been concluded that Theileria annulata infection in newborn calves resulting in serious effects and health deterioration, leading to substantial significant economic losses

The present study was carridaed of normal skin of local dogs canins lupus familiaris age of animals was ( 8 -24 mounths). The range and distribution of collagen fibers was studed. The results showed that the posterior limbs recorded the highest values for distribution and thickness compare with abdomen region. Also the results confirmed that the orientations of collagen fibers were variations between the regions because of stress factors.

The lethal concentration of N-ZnO was determined in this study ,juvenile Cyprinus carpio L.mean weight 150±10g which were exposed to different concentration of N-ZnO (10-50 PPM) for 24 hrs ,the mortality rate of fish reached to 100% at 50 ppm concentration while the percentage decreased to 50% when the fish exposure to 30ppm concentration of N-ZnO.The histopathological lesions in the kidney were characterized by hemorrhage in an interstitial nephrotic tissue ,infiltration of inflammatory cells , there was cloudy swelling in the renal tubules . In the gill there were hyper trophy of pillar cells and necrosis in the secondary gill filaments .There were necrosis in the hepatic tissue and hemorrhage and sloughing in the pancreatic tissue.

A trail was conducted to determine utilization of diet containing poultry excreta with different sources of nitrogen by cattle or buffalo rumen microorganisms in vitro. The aim was to find alternative sources of protein and low prices ruminant diets. Commercial broiler house excreta were used as 10% of a ration. Supplemented diets were basal diet with 10% poultry excreta alone or either with 3 g/kg yeast or 1.5 g urea/kg feed or both as well as 2% molasses. The basal diet comprised 40% concentrates and 60% wheat straw on dry matter (DM) basis as a control diet. All diets were inoculated with rumen fluid of cattle or buffalo. Digestibility of DM was not significantly influenced by both species and diets. However, organic matter (OM) digestion varied significantly with different diets, the highest value was obtained by yeast, urea, poultry excreta and molasses group (64.70%). Species and diets showed significant differences in neutral digested fiber (NDF) digestion. The highest values were obtained by buffalo and the yeast, urea, poultry excreta and molasses group (65.09%). Ammonia production was significantly increased by adding urea to the diet (12.64 and 13.79). Total volatile fatty acid and acetic acid % were produced significantly higher by cattle and the group of poultry excreta only. A buffalo rumen fluid produced higher propionic acid% and less acetic: propionic percent than cattle. The total number of microorganisms influenced significantly by diet only, as yeast, urea, poultry excreta and molasses group obtained the highest number.

An allergic extracts from chicken feather and dropping were prepared with extraction, followed by purification using dialysis. Total and specific IgE ELISA was performed on a total of 190 serum samples collected from allergic and healthy individuales in center of asthma and allergic diseases in Basrha city during September 2011. ELISA test based on total IgE results revealed that the higher rate of allergic patients (47.37%) had allergy questionable while (35.26%) of them had allergy very probable and (17.37%) of them infected with allergy not probable. According to the relationship between the symptoms of allergy and total IgE based ELISA results, the higher rate of allergy very probable 95.5% was observed in symptomatic patients. According to the results of ELISA based on specific IgE the overall rate of chicken allergens in studied patients 94.7%. Chicken dropping allergens showed the higher overall 94.7% of distribution followed by the rate of feather allergens 73.68%. Depending on the sex, age (first age group range from>15-45 and second age group range from

In this study, fresh fish (Otolithes ruber, Saurida tumbil, Pseudorhombus malayanus, Acanthopagrus latus, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Tenualosa ilisha), imported frozen fish (Megalaspis cordyla, Ctenopharyngodon idella, Labeo rohita and Acanthopagrus latus) and imported canned fish species (sardines, mackerel and tuna) were used to detect and determine some toxic trace elements. All fish samples contained trace elements. The total concentrations mean for Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, Co, Cd and Mn were between (1.73-11.93), (8.75-25.80), (ND-3.19), (0.11-0.31), (0.10-0.35), (0.23-3.00) and (0.11-1.86) mg/kg dry weight respectively in muscles of fresh fish, and between (13.21-53.74), (6.61-43.93), (0.35-2.10), (0.37-2.30), (0.20-0.54), (1.50-3.53) and (0.13-4.50)mg/kg dry weight respectively in the muscles of frozen fish species, and between(21.75-56.30), (5.21-82.84), (0.25-1.51), (0.33-1.96), (0.20-0.47), (0.51-2.22) and (0.13-0.81) mg/kg dry weight respectively in canned fish . Concentrations average of some trace elements were exceeded the permitted legal limits that set by the Food and Agriculture Organization and the World Health Organization.

This study was done on twenty mature male rabbits divided randomly into two equal experimed groups of ten animals each . the first group regardes as controls and drenched (2ml) normal saline orally daily for thirty days . The other group were drenched (20 mglkg ) body weight of water extract of origanum vulgare for thirty days also . At the end of drenching period blood samples were drawn from all animals heart puncture and blood was analysed for total RBC count ; HB % and PCV% ; Total leakocytic count and blood indices of MCH ; MCV ; and MCHC were calculated in addition to blood smears were done to estimate percentages of differentical leakocytic counts. Results ; PCV% ; total RBC counts and MCH compared with control group There was significant increase (P≤0.05) in treated group in total leakocytic count and MCV and significantly decrease only in MCHC . Also there was only significant increase (P≤0.05) in nutrophils due to treatment