خيارات البحث
النتائج 181 - 190 من 535
First molecular isolation of Mycoplasma ovis from small ruminants in North Africa النص الكامل
2015
Rjeibi, Mohamed R.(Université de la Manouba Laboratoire de Parasitologie ,École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet) | Darghouth, Mohamed A.(Université de la Manouba Laboratoire de Parasitologie ,École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet) | Omri, Houda(Université de la Manouba Laboratoire de Parasitologie ,École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet) | Souidi, Khemaïs(Université de la Manouba Laboratoire de Parasitologie ,École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet) | Rekik, Mourad(International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas) | Gharbi, Mohamed(Université de la Manouba Laboratoire de Parasitologie ,École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet)
First molecular isolation of Mycoplasma ovis from small ruminants in North Africa النص الكامل
2015
Rjeibi, Mohamed R.(Université de la Manouba Laboratoire de Parasitologie ,École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet) | Darghouth, Mohamed A.(Université de la Manouba Laboratoire de Parasitologie ,École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet) | Omri, Houda(Université de la Manouba Laboratoire de Parasitologie ,École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet) | Souidi, Khemaïs(Université de la Manouba Laboratoire de Parasitologie ,École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet) | Rekik, Mourad(International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas) | Gharbi, Mohamed(Université de la Manouba Laboratoire de Parasitologie ,École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet)
Eperythrozoonosis is a small ruminant disease caused by the bacterium Mycoplasma ovis (formerly known as Eperythrozoon ovis). Whilst acute infection in sheep may result in an anaemia and ill thrift syndrome, most animals do not develop clinical signs. Molecular methods were used to compare and evaluate the prevalence of infection with M. ovis in sheep and goats in Tunisia. A total of 739 whole blood samples from 573 sheep and 166 goats were tested for the M. ovis 16S rRNA gene using PCR. The overall prevalence was 6.28% ± 0.019 (36/573). Only sheep were infected with M. ovis (p< 0.001), and the prevalence was significantly higher in central Tunisia (29.2%) compared with other regions (p < 0.05). The prevalence revealed significant differences according to breed and bioclimatic zones (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the prevalence in young sheep (35/330; 10.6%) was higher than in adults (1/243; 0.41%) (p < 0.001). Only sheep of the Barbarine breed were infected, with a prevalence of 11.8% (p < 0.001). This is the first molecular study and genetic characterisation of M. ovis in North African sheep breeds.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]First molecular isolation of Mycoplasma ovis from small ruminants in North Africa النص الكامل
2015
Rijeibi, Mohammed | Darghouth, Mohamed Aziz | Omri, Houda | Souidi, Khemais | Rekik, Mourad | Gharbi, Mohamed
Eperythrozoonosis is a small ruminant disease caused by the bacterium Mycoplasma ovis (formerly known as Eperythrozoon ovis). Whilst acute infection in sheep may result in an anaemia and ill thrift syndrome, most animals do not develop clinical signs. Molecular methods were used to compare and evaluate the prevalence of infection with M. ovis in sheep and goats in Tunisia. A total of 739 whole blood samples from 573 sheep and 166 goats were tested for the M. ovis 16S rRNA gene using PCR. The overall prevalence was 6.28% ± 0.019 (36/573). Only sheep were infected with M. ovis (p < 0.001), and the prevalence was significantly higher in central Tunisia (29.2%) compared with other regions (p < 0.05). The prevalence revealed significant differences according to breed and bioclimatic zones (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the prevalence in young sheep (35/330; 10.6%) was higher than in adults (1/243; 0.41%) (p < 0.001). Only sheep of the Barbarine breed were infected, with a prevalence of 11.8% (p < 0.001). This is the first molecular study and genetic characterisation of M. ovis in North African sheep breeds.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]First molecular isolation of Mycoplasma ovis from small ruminants in North Africa النص الكامل
2015
mohamed a. darghouth | khemaïs souidi | mohamed r. rjeibi | mohamed gharbi | houda omri | mourad rekik
Mohammed Rijeibi, Mourad Rekik, Mohamed Gharbi, Mohamed Aziz Darghouth, Houda Omri, Khemais Souidi. (8/6/2015). First molecular isolation of Mycoplasma ovis from small ruminants in North Africa. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 82(1). | Eperythrozoonosis is a small ruminant disease caused by the bacterium Mycoplasma ovis (formerly known as Eperythrozoon ovis). Whilst acute infection in sheep may result in an anaemia and ill thrift syndrome, most animals do not develop clinical signs. Molecular methods were used to compare and evaluate the prevalence of infection with M. ovis in sheep and goats in Tunisia. A total of 739 whole blood samples from 573 sheep and 166 goats were tested for the M. ovis 16S rRNA gene using PCR. The overall prevalence was 6.28% ± 0.019 (36/573). Only sheep were infected with M. ovis (p < 0.001), and the prevalence was significantly higher in central Tunisia (29.2%) compared with other regions (p < 0.05). The prevalence revealed significant differences according to breed and bioclimatic zones (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the prevalence in young sheep (35/330; 10.6%) was higher than in adults (1/243; 0.41%) (p < 0.001). Only sheep of the Barbarine breed were infected, with a prevalence of 11.8% (p < 0.001). This is the first molecular study and genetic characterisation of M. ovis in North African sheep breeds
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Relationship between haemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume in cattle blood samples النص الكامل
2015
Paa-Kobina Turkson | Ebenezer Y. Ganyo
Relationship between haemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume in cattle blood samples النص الكامل
2015
Paa-Kobina Turkson | Ebenezer Y. Ganyo
A convention that has been adopted in medicine is to estimate haemoglobin (HB) concentration as a third of packed cell volume (PCV) or vice versa. The present research set out to determine whether a proportional relationship exists between PCV and Hb concentration in cattle blood samples, and to assess the validity of the convention of estimating Hb concentration as a third of PCV. A total of 440 cattle in Ghana from four breeds (Ndama, 110; West African Short Horn, 110; Zebu, 110 and Sanga, 110) were bled for haematological analysis, specifically packed cell volume, using the microhaematocrit technique and haemoglobin concentration using the cyanmethaemoglobin method. Means, standard deviations, standard errors of mean and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Trendline analyses generated linear regression equations from scatterplots. For all the cattle, a significant and consistent relationship (r = 0.74) was found between Hb concentration and PCV (%). This was expressed as Hb concentration (g/dL) = 0.28 PCV + 3.11. When the Hb concentration was estimated by calculating it as a third of PCV, the relationship was expressed in linear regression as Hb concentration (g/dL) = 0.83 calculated Hb + 3.11. The difference in the means of determined (12.2 g/dL) and calculated (10.9 g/dL) Hb concentrations for all cattle was significant (p < 0.001), whereas the difference in the means of determined Hb and corrected calculated Hb was not significant. In conclusion, a simplified relationship of Hb (g/dL) = (0.3 PCV) + 3 may provide a better estimate of Hb concentration from the PCV of cattle.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Relationship between haemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume in cattle blood samples النص الكامل
2015
Turkson, Paa-Kobina(University of Cape Coast Department of Animal Science) | Ganyo, Ebenezer Y.(University of Cape Coast Department of Biomedical and Forensic Sciences)
A convention that has been adopted in medicine is to estimate haemoglobin (HB) concentration as a third of packed cell volume (PCV) or vice versa. The present research set out to determine whether a proportional relationship exists between PCV and Hb concentration in cattle blood samples, and to assess the validity of the convention of estimating Hb concentration as a third of PCV. A total of 440 cattle in Ghana from four breeds (Ndama, 110; West African Short Horn, 110; Zebu, 110 and Sanga, 110) were bled for haematological analysis, specifically packed cell volume, using the microhaematocrit technique and haemoglobin concentration using the cyanmethaemoglobin method. Means, standard deviations, standard errors of mean and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Trendline analyses generated linear regression equations from scatterplots. For all the cattle, a significant and consistent relationship (r= 0.74) was found between Hb concentration and PCV (%). This was expressed as Hb concentration (g/dL) = 0.28 PCV + 3.11. When the Hb concentration was estimated by calculating it as a third of PCV, the relationship was expressed in linear regression as Hb concentration (g/dL) = 0.83 calculated Hb + 3.11. The difference in the means of determined (12.2 g/dL) and calculated (10.9 g/dL) Hb concentrations for all cattle was significant (p < 0.001), whereas the difference in the means of determined Hb and corrected calculated Hb was not significant. In conclusion, a simplified relationship of Hb (g/dL) = (0.3 PCV) + 3 may provide a better estimate of Hb concentration from the PCV of cattle.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Investigation of multidrug-resistant fatal colisepticaemia in weanling pigs النص الكامل
2015
Folorunso O. Fasina | Dauda G. Bwala | Evelyn Madoroba
Investigation of multidrug-resistant fatal colisepticaemia in weanling pigs النص الكامل
2015
Folorunso O. Fasina | Dauda G. Bwala | Evelyn Madoroba
Escherichia coli is usually a benign commensal of the gut microflora. However, when E. coli acquires virulence genes it can multiply rapidly and cause disease through colonisation of the intestinal mucosa. Escherichia coli can become a significant pathogen in young pigs. We report an investigation of fatal colisepticaemia in weanling pigs from emerging farms where piglets and weaners were diarrhoeic and the mortality rate ranged between 15% and 70% in each litter. Faecal and tissue samples were processed for histopathology, bacteriology and molecular biology (multiplex and monoplex polymerase chain reaction) and we recovered enteroaggregative multidrug-resistant E. coli producing EAST-1 enterotoxin. An association between poor housing conditions and the observed cases was established and future management programmes were recommended to reduce the impact of such pathogens. Enteroaggregative E. coli is becoming a major problem in the pig industry. It therefore becomes necessary to establish the full impact of E. coli on the South African pig industry and to determine the geographic extent of the problem.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Investigation of multidrug-resistant fatal colisepticaemia in weanling pigs النص الكامل
2015
Fasina, Folorunso O.(University of Pretoria Department of Production Animal Studies) | Bwala, Dauda G.(University of Pretoria Department of Production Animal Studies) | Madoroba, Evelyn(Agricultural Research Council-Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute)
Escherichia coli is usually a benign commensal of the gut microflora. However, when E. coli acquires virulence genes it can multiply rapidly and cause disease through colonisation of the intestinal mucosa. Escherichia coli can become a significant pathogen in young pigs. We report an investigation of fatal colisepticaemia in weanling pigs from emerging farms where piglets and weaners were diarrhoeic and the mortality rate ranged between 15% and 70% in each litter. Faecal and tissue samples were processed for histopathology, bacteriology and molecular biology (multiplex and monoplex polymerase chain reaction) and we recovered enteroaggregative multidrug-resistant E. coli producing EAST-1 enterotoxin. An association between poor housing conditions and the observed cases was established and future management programmes were recommended to reduce the impact of such pathogens. Enteroaggregative E. coli is becoming a major problem in the pig industry. It therefore becomes necessary to establish the full impact of E. coli on the South African pig industry and to determine the geographic extent of the problem.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]A review on the effect of macrocyclic lactones on dung-dwelling insects: Toxicity of macrocyclic lactones to dung beetles النص الكامل
2015
Carmen T. Jacobs | Clarke H. Scholtz
A review on the effect of macrocyclic lactones on dung-dwelling insects: Toxicity of macrocyclic lactones to dung beetles النص الكامل
2015
Carmen T. Jacobs | Clarke H. Scholtz
Avermectins and milbemycins are commonly used in agro-ecosystems for the control of parasites in domestic livestock. As integral members of agro-ecosystems with importance in maintaining pasture health through dung burial behaviour, dung beetles are an excellent nontarget bio-indicator taxon for examining potential detrimental effects of pesticide application. The current review focuses on the relative toxicity of four different anthelmintics (ivermectin, eprinomectin, doramectin and moxidectin) in dung residues using dung beetles as a bioindicator species. One of the implications of this review is that there could be an effect that extends to the entire natural assemblage of insects inhabiting and feeding on the dung of cattle treated with avermectin or milbemycin products. Over time, reduced reproductive rate would result in decreased dung beetle populations and ultimately, a decrease in the rate of dung degradation and dung burial.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]A review on the effect of macrocyclic lactones on dung-dwelling insects: Toxicity of macrocyclic lactones to dung beetles النص الكامل
2015
Jacobs, Carmen T.(University of Pretoria Department of Zoology and Entomology) | Scholtz, Clarke H.(University of Pretoria Department of Zoology and Entomology)
Avermectins and milbemycins are commonly used in agro-ecosystems for the control of parasites in domestic livestock. As integral members of agro-ecosystems with importance in maintaining pasture health through dung burial behaviour, dung beetles are an excellent non-target bio-indicator taxon for examining potential detrimental effects of pesticide application. The current review focuses on the relative toxicity of four different anthelmintics (ivermectin, eprinomectin, doramectin and moxidectin) in dung residues using dung beetles as a bio-indicator species. One of the implications of this review is that there could be an effect that extends to the entire natural assemblage of insects inhabiting and feeding on the dung of cattle treated with avermectin or milbemycin products. Over time, reduced reproductive rate would result in decreased dung beetle populations and ultimately, a decrease in the rate of dung degradation and dung burial.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Equine encephalosis in Thoroughbred foals on a South African stud farm النص الكامل
2015
John D. Grewar | Peter N. Thompson | Carina W. Lourens | Alan J. Guthrie
Equine encephalosis in Thoroughbred foals on a South African stud farm النص الكامل
2015
John D. Grewar | Peter N. Thompson | Carina W. Lourens | Alan J. Guthrie
Thoroughbred foal body temperature data were collected from shortly after birth until shortly after weaning during the 2007/2008 season on a stud farm in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. Equine encephalosis (EE) caused by EE virus (EEV) serotype 4 (EEV-4) occurred in the foal group during the first autumn after their birth (March and April 2008). A descriptive study was undertaken to provide data on the EEV maternal antibody status, the association between pyrexia and EEV infection, and the incidence of infection amongst the foals prior to and during the episode. This included the frequent capturing of foal body temperature data and regular collection of serum and whole blood during pyretic episodes. Infection by EEV was determined using both virological and serological methods. A high EE incidence of at least 94% occurred amongst the foal cohort, despite the fact that 37% of foals had previously shown maternal antibody to EEV-4. Pyrexia in foals was not directly associated with EE infection and 41% of infected foals showed no detectable pyretic episode. Information obtained from this EE episode showed the high incidence of EEV infection in foals during the first autumn after their birth. Monitoring foal body temperature can alert farmers to outbreaks of infectious disease, such as EE. These results are relevant to the epidemiology of EE and facilitate greater understanding of it as a differential diagnosis of African horse sickness (AHS), given that EE and AHS have similar epidemiologic profiles.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Equine encephalosis in Thoroughbred foals on a South African stud farm النص الكامل
2015
Grewar, John D.(Western Cape Department of Agriculture ,University of Pretoria Department of Production Animal Studies) | Thompson, Peter N.(University of Pretoria Department of Production Animal Studies) | Lourens, Carina W.(University of Pretoria Equine Research Centre) | Guthrie, Alan J.(University of Pretoria Equine Research Centre)
Thoroughbred foal body temperature data were collected from shortly after birth until shortly after weaning during the 2007/2008 season on a stud farm in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. Equine encephalosis (EE) caused by EE virus (EEV) serotype 4 (EEV-4) occurred in the foal group during the first autumn after their birth (March and April 2008). A descriptive study was undertaken to provide data on the EEV maternal antibody status, the association between pyrexia and EEV infection, and the incidence of infection amongst the foals prior to and during the episode. This included the frequent capturing of foal body temperature data and regular collection of serum and whole blood during pyretic episodes. Infection by EEV was determined using both virological and serological methods. A high EE incidence of at least 94% occurred amongst the foal cohort, despite the fact that 37% of foals had previously shown maternal antibody to EEV-4. Pyrexia in foals was not directly associated with EE infection and 41% of infected foals showed no detectable pyretic episode. Information obtained from this EE episode showed the high incidence of EEV infection in foals during the first autumn after their birth. Monitoring foal body temperature can alert farmers to outbreaks of infectious disease, such as EE. These results are relevant to the epidemiology of EE and facilitate greater understanding of it as a differential diagnosis of African horse sickness (AHS), given that EE and AHS have similar epidemiologic profiles.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Determination of the optimal time of vaccination against infectious bursal disease virus (Gumboro) in Algeria النص الكامل
2015
Omar Besseboua | Abdelhanine Ayad | Hama Benbarek
Determination of the optimal time of vaccination against infectious bursal disease virus (Gumboro) in Algeria النص الكامل
2015
Omar Besseboua | Abdelhanine Ayad | Hama Benbarek
This study was conducted to determine the effect of maternally derived antibody (MDA) on live vaccine against infectious bursal disease. A total of 140 chicks selected from vaccinated parent stock were used in this investigation. In a preset vaccination schedule, blood samples were collected to check for the actual effect. It was noticed that on day 1 the chicks contained a high level (6400.54 ± 2993.67) of maternally derived antibody that gradually decreased below a positive level within 21 days (365.86 ± 634.46). It was found that a high level of MDA interferes with the vaccine virus, resulting in no immune response. For better immune response, it is suggested that the chickens should be vaccinated at day 21, as the uniformity of MDA is poor (coefficient of the variation [CV] > 30%), and boosted at day 28. Indeed, two vaccinations are necessary to achieve good protection against infectious bursal disease virus of the entire flock.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Determination of the optimal time of vaccination against infectious bursal disease virus (Gumboro) in Algeria النص الكامل
2015
Besseboua, Omar(University M. Istambouli Department of Agricultural Sciences) | Ayad, Abdelhanine(University A. Mira Department of Environment and Biological Sciences ,Ibn Khaldoun University Veterinary Institute Laboratory of Research on Local Animal Products) | Benbarek, Hama(University M. Istambouli Department of Agricultural Sciences ,Ibn Khaldoun University Veterinary Institute Laboratory of Research on Local Animal Products)
This study was conducted to determine the effect of maternally derived antibody (MDA) on live vaccine against infectious bursal disease. A total of 140 chicks selected from vaccinated parent stock were used in this investigation. In a preset vaccination schedule, blood samples were collected to check for the actual effect. It was noticed that on day 1 the chicks contained a high level (6400.54 ± 2993.67) of maternally derived antibody that gradually decreased below a positive level within 21 days (365.86 ± 634.46). It was found that a high level of MDA interferes with the vaccine virus, resulting in no immune response. For better immune response, it is suggested that the chickens should be vaccinated at day 21, as the uniformity of MDA is poor (coefficient of the variation [CV] > 30%), and boosted at day 28. Indeed, two vaccinations are necessary to achieve good protection against infectious bursal disease virus of the entire flock.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]HISTOLOGICAL LESIONS OF SLAUGHTERED CALVE'S KIDNEYS IN MOSUL SLAUGHTER HOUSE النص الكامل
2015
H. K. Ismail
The objective of present study was to investigate the gross and histopathological findings of calves kidneys slaughtered in Mosul abattoir. Pathological examination were carried out on fifty calves' kidneys. The most common gross lesions were included 20% multifocal white spots, 16% enlarged pale kidneys20% congested enlarged kidneys , 10% small shrunken kidneys, 14% hyperemic hemorrhagic kidneys, 20% kidneys without any gross lesions. The common observation in the histopathological examination of the kidneys revealed slight to severe mononuclear infiltration were commonly observed, widening of the Bowman's space were common, nephrosis, glomerulonephritis, interstitial nephritis, acute tubular degeneration and necrosis. Cysts were observed also in this study.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]HIGH EXPRESSION OF P53 PROTEIN IN TOXOPLASMOSIS AMONG WOMEN WITH SPONTANEOUS MISCARRIAGE IN BASRAH النص الكامل
2015
Emarah | Maysoon sharief | Ghazi Y . AL | Muntaha A. H. Nasir
Recurrent abortion is a worldwide problem, with undefined causes. Apoptosis could play a major role in the process. The Objective of the work to detect the expression of p53 protein at the materno-fetal interface in patients with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Immunohistochemistry analysis of P53 protein using paraffin embedded sections of curate samples obtained from 40 women divided into three groups : 16 women with recurrent abortion as postive with toxoplasmosis,10 women with recurrent abortion negative of toxoplasmosis and14 women with no histry of abortion as control group . The mean value of the expression of P53 protein was (40.87± 7.54),which is significantly higher than that of the second group(28.2± 4.89),and the third group (13.07± 4.49). The high expression of p53 protein in women with RPL may have a role in accelerating placental apoptosis leading to failure of pregnancy.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]- EFFECT OF SEASON ON SOME HEMATOLOGICAL, BIOCHEMICAL AND SOME HORMONE OF LOCAL IRAQI BLACK FEMALE GOATS النص الكامل
2015
Waleed Y. Kasim | Abd-Alkareem A. Babe | Murtada F. AL-Hellou
This study was conducted at animal farm / Collage of Agriculture, Basrah University, during the period from April to December . A total of 8 blood samples were taken from dry female goats at (2.5-3.5) years old during first day of April , July , October , December months .The aim of this study to evaluate the effect months of year on blood (WBC , RBC, PCV and Hb) and biochemical parameters (Fe , Phosphate, Albumin, Total protein, Cholesterol and Glucose in addition to some hormones like Estrogen and thyroxin. The present study resulted that there were significant (P
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]BREEDS VARIATION IN SEMEN QUALITY OF SOME LOCAL IRAQI RAMS النص الكامل
2015
Al-Samarrae S.H
Breed differences in the semen quality of Iraqi sheep were studied on 16 rams, 8 of each, Karradi and Arrabi. Rams were habituated on the method of electrical stimulation with a bi-polar rectal probe. Semen samples were collected within two weeks and their characters which included, volume of ejaculate, color, pH, mass motility percentage , individual motility percentage, concentration of sperm , viability percentage, abnormal sperm percentage and acrosomal abrasion percentage were tested for both Karradi and Arrabi breeds. The results revealed that the volume 0.61ml, o.59 ml, color degree 1.25, 1.5, pH 6.89, 6.9, mass motility 66.25% , 63.75%, individual motility 60%, 58.75%, sperm concentration 121.88 million/ml, 120.5 million/ml, viability 74%, 70.25%, abnormal sperm 17.13% , 18% and acrosomal abrasion 18.5% , 19.25 respectively . Karradi ram semen showed higher viability percentage 74 ± 1.3 than that in Arrabi 70.23± 0.56 , and it is highly significance (p< 0.01). Karradi sheep in general may have been adapted and acclimatized exceptional well in the middle part of Iraq compared to Arrabi sheep.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]