The local Streptomyces sp. strain showed an ability to produce antimicrobial metabolite active against standard strains, in primary and secondary screening. The produced antibiotic was extracted, purified and identified as a peptide antibiotic produced about 1.4g/L in 7 days incubation period, and its LD50 was 5500. There was an inverse effect for orange acridine dye on the grown colonies number of S. sp., the 28 g/ml dye concentration was chosen as the best concentration because it led to colonies killing by 95%. Plasmid DNA extracted from S. sp. and then transformed to E. coli pBR 322, the E. coli pBR 322 showed negative results against the standard strains in primary screening before plasmid DNA transformation, while transformed E. coli pBR322 showed positive results. The antibiotic produced by trans. E. coli pBR322 was extracted, purified and identified by the same ways, which gave the same antibiotic produced by S. sp. with an increase of 2.2 g/L in the quantity and shorter period of time (2 days).

Adenomyosis is a fairly frequent disorder adult she Buffalo characterized by the haphazard location of endometrial glands and stroma deep within the myometrium of the uterus. It was found in twenty she buffalo in Basrah governorate, suffering from repeated estrus and infertility. This study recorded the histopathological changes of this disease. This study showed that the endometrial glands are present mostly in myometrium which interfere the differentiation of the uterine cells in young female buffalo, the lesion also characterize by the fibrocytes as whorls pattern.

Due to an increase in the number of resistant bacterial strains that cause urinary tract infection (UTI), empirical treatment with the commonly prescribed antimicrobials might be inadequate. This prospective study was conducted on 252 adult patients with uncomplicated urinary tract infection aiming at optimizing the use of empirical antibacterial therapy through identification of the causative bacteria and studying their in vitro sensitivity patterns to 11 commonly prescribed antimicrobial drugs. This study showed that gram negative bacteria were the most frequent cause of UTI accounting for 95.3% of cases, with strains of Escherichia coli alone responsible for 50% of all infections. The study also recorded an increase in the rate of infection caused by Klebsilla which was reported in 28.6% of cases. Combined drug therapy was not superior to single antimicrobial. Agumentin or Co- trimoxazole were effective against only 78.6% and 43.7% of the tested bacterial strains. Single drug treatment using the aminoglycoside, Amikacin (92.9% bacterial sensitivity rate) or the third generation cephalosporin, Cefotaxime (88.9% bacterial sensitivity rate) might be the first choice for injectable drug treatment and ciprofloxacin (81% bacterial sensitivity) for orai therapy. It is concluded that periodic reevaluation of bacterial etiology and antimicrobial resistance studies and needed for better empirical treatment of uncomplicated UTI through the avoidance of continuous bacterial resistance to such treatment.

The present work was down on the penises of immature camel of 3-36 month of age. This work is done to investigate the stepes and method of the separation between the free end of the penis and its sheath to forming the preputial cavity.

The mosquito fish Gambusia affinis was export to different concentration (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 1, 2 and 4) mL/L of refinery products (kerosene, gasoline, and motor oil) under the laboratory condition. Values median lethal concentration LD50 was indicated that the fish were more sensitive to gasoline than kerosene. While least sensitivity was to motor oil. The toxicity curves indicate the gasoline was more toxicity to mosquito fish than kerosene and motor oil respectively

In this study , 80 clinical samples collected from patients including wound, blood, urine and cerebrospinal fluid and isolates of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were identified . The inhibitory effects of ethyl alcohol extracts and solasodine compound of Solanum nigrum were tested on clinical isolates of the wound included: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The ethyl alcohol extract showed inhibitory activity on all tested bacterial Spp . All the activities were compared with a tetracycline.The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the Solasodine were 8, 6, 4, 8 mg/ml respectively for S. aureus , S. epidermidis , E. coli and P. aeruginosa respectively .The results lend scientific credence to justify the use of the Solasodine compound against bacterial isolates of the wounds and some bacterial diseases

The aim of this study was to examine the acute toxicity of organophosphorous insecticide (coumaphos) in wild pigeons (Rock dove) and measure the level of liver enzyme Alanine Transaminase (ALT)in the serum of pigeons treated orally with a single dose 3mg/kg bw. of coumaphos and study the histopathological changes of central and peripheral nervous system ,liver, kidney, heart and pancreas after 3 weeks of dosing .The results showed muscarinic, nicotinic and central nervous system effects and as well as showed a significant increasing (p≤0.‏05) in the level of ALT in the serum of treated pigeons in comparism with control group .The histopathological results included degeneration of nerve fibers in sciatic nerve,spinal cord and hepatocyte also preiportal and septal fibrosis and bile duct proliferation,the kidney showed degeneration of renal tubules and separation of renal capsule

This study was carried out to see the pattern of pneumonic disease in Basrah general hospital in the two groups of patients, inpatients out patients and to see the extent of tuberculosis presented as pneumonia, not as atypical case of clinical and X-ray findings in the apices of lungs. This is prospective study for patients with typical history, signs investigation chest x-ray of pneumonia, lobar and bronchopneumonia from the period of (April 2006) to (October 2008) were included in this study, they are attending the out patient department or are admitted in the wards of the Basrah general hospital. From a total of 374 cases of pneumonia, 26 cases of TB pneumonia diagnosed. There findings did not suggest TB to start. There age range from one to 72 years, the most common age group affected was 20-40 year for both sexes, while at age group 50-70 males affected more, bronchopneumonia was comment type of pneumonia in this group recorded in 13 patients, or bronchitis in 6 patients. ESR was less than 50 mm/hr in 12 patients so it is unreliable in 50% of cases. This study show that pulmonary TB is increasing (5.36%) and it could present in pneumonia like picture not involving the typical sites (apices) even in those who are not diabetic or immune compromised.

In 1908 a Pan-African Veterinary Conference formed part of the inauguration ceremony of the Onderstepoort Veterinary Laboratory. Attended by 18 delegates from 12 countries in southern Africa, including the four colonies and three protectorates forming British South Africa, Rhodesia, German South West Africa, Portuguese East Africa, Madagascar and the Belgian Congo, discussions focussed on the animal diseases of the region with the emphasis on trypanosomosis (nagana) and East Coast fever. The successful meeting was followed by a series of similar conferences held in different African countries during the first half of the 20th Century.