This study had been done on twenty four healthy adult local female rabbits of _ mean body weight of 2 kgm and mean age of 5 months were randomly allocated into four groups of six ainmals eash; all groups were fed during the period of experiment on a diet contained 0.5 % cholesterol and 14% coconut oil. The first group was regarded as control and received 3ml of physiological saline orally‘ for a month. The second group was drenched ethanolic extract of Taraxacum ojficirzale (500 mg/kg/day) for one month; the third group first subjected to cholecystoctomy (removal of gall bladder) then drenched 500 mg/kg/day ethanolic extract of T. oflicinale for month also. The fourth group was treated with atrovastatin (0.4 mg/kg/day) for one month also. Those females were joined with males after treatment for a week to study the effect on fertility and reproductive capacity and on fetal growth. Blood samples were taken from all groups at the end of the treatment to know the effect on serum cholesterol and on enzymatic activity then after killing the animals the following organs were taken for histological study. They are pituitary and thyroid glands; ovaries and uterin from each animal of each . group. The following results were obtained:- 1. The ethanolic extract of Taraxacum ofiicinale caused highly significant increase (p

ABSTRACT _ The fertility and viability rates of hydatid cysts obtained from livers and lungs of goat,camels and buffaloes were investigated .Out of (659) cysts (198 from goat,241 from buffaloes and 220 from camels) .examined ,520(164 from goat ,156 from buffaloes and 200 from camels were fertile (containing living protoscolices).The mean viability rates in -the liver cysts of goat camel and buffalo were (77.4%, 76.8% and 76.7%) respectively whereas those in the lung cyst of the same hosts,in the same order were 81.2% 75% and - 84.65% respectively. The growth rate of lung cysts was slower than those of liver in all hosts investigated. . Three hosts investigated seem to be suitable hosts for Echinococcus granulosus .However ,goats seem to be the most significant host that contributes actively in A perptuation of life cycle of this parasite in Iraq .

Selected specimens of Carassius carassius fish were exposed to acute lead concentrations (15 , 30 and 45 MgL ), for tow periods 48 and 96 hrs The exposure to lead occurred changes in some blood parameter in treatment fish., There was an’ increasing in the R.B.C. , Hb, M.C.H., blood glucose and blood lactic acid , These changes were more clear after 96 hrs Whereas values of PCV and MCV showed decline significantly, blood serpm also appeared disturb on ionic balance represented by decreasing in(Na+ , K+ and Ca 2 ) after( 48 and 96 ) hours in treatment fish compare with control specimens.

We have studied pharmacokinetics of a new anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) agent VP-0501 and its amino acid prodrug VP-0501AL which is designed to improve oral bioavailability. After oral administration at 100 mg/kg dose in rats (n=4), VP-0501 was not detectable in plasma (less than 50 ng/ml), while after the administration of VP-0501AL, VP-0501 was quantitatively detected, at least for 8 hrs, with Cmax of ca. 2.5 μg/ml and AUC of 8 hr*μg/ml.

Vitellogenin (Vtg), a phospholipoglycoprotein precursor of egg yolk is synthesized and secreted from the liver in response to estrogens in femals fish. Vtg is normally undetectable in the blood of male fish, but can be induced by exposure to chemicals possessing estrogenic activity. Thus, the presence of Vtg in blood of male fish can serve as a useful biomarker for assessing previous exposure to estrogenic compounds. In the present study, Vtg was abnormally expressed in Rhynchocypris oxycephalus using estradiol benzoate (E₂).

An 8-month-old 3.15 kg female Cocker-spaniel with history of ataxia referred to the Veterianary Medical Teaching Hospital, Chungnam National University. There were no abnormalities in CBC and serum chemical analysis. Agenesis of dens was found on dorsoventral view in cervical radiography. Compressed cervical spinal cord and enlarged cerebral ventricle were observed in magnetic resonance imaging. It was diagnosed as atlantoaxial instability with hydrocephalus.

About 8 year-old castrated male Yorkshire terrier was presented for evaluation of dysuria, stranguria, hemtauria, and pollakiuria. On history taking, dysuria first was observed three months ago and these signs were waxed and waned. Physical examination revealed mild left perineal swelling. On routine laboratory examination, no significant findings were identified. Positive contrast urogram identified peritoneal herniation of urinary bladder. Urinalysis showed proteinuria and hematuria.

The objective of this study was to investigate the use of extract from mesenteric lymph nodes as an alternative to serum for ELISA to detect Salmonella antibodies in slaughter pigs. Among 324 slaughter pigs, 65 (20.1%) were positive in the serum ELISA and 76 (23.5%) were positive in the ELISA with extract from lymph nodes. A total of 24 (7.4%) Salmonella representing 6 serotypes were isolated from mesenteric lymph nodes and 35 (10.8%) Salmonella belonging to 2 serotypes were also recovered from cecal contents of slaughter pig samples, respectively.

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a disease model of multiple sclerosis (MS) that is characterized by remittance and relapse of the disease and autoimmune and demyelinating lesions in the central nervous system (CNS). Autoimmune inflammation is maintained by secretion of a large number of protein. Previous studies have suggested that transcripts encoding osteopontin (OPN) are frequently detected in the mRNA population of MS plaques. To elucidate the functional role of OPN in initiation and development of EAE, we examined the expression and localization of OPN in the spinal cord during acute EAE.

In March 2003, classical swine fever (CSF) infection was reported in a piggery located at Iksan city, Jeollabuk-do in Korea. Subsequently, a total of 72 infected farms were confirmed between March and December, 2003. Based on epidemiological investigation of the earlier confirmed infected farms, the source of infection was shown to be from a breeding farm. Targeted surveillance of 82 piggeries that had acquired pigs from this breeding farm showed 44 piggeries were infected with CSF virus.