The objective of the work was to study Electrocardiography in normal doges and in dogs treated with intravenous furosemide for 14 days. In present study eight dogs in different sex and two years age used ,serum potassium level determined using commercial kit and ECG evaluate twice daily pre and post furosemide use . ECG tracing compared in the two groups (treated and control) . when serum k + reach (4.4 mEq/ L ±1.044) at day four from starting , and in the last five days of treatment the mean of serum potassium reach (3.2 m Eq /L ± 0.504 ). the electrocardiographic changes shows features of hypokalemia T inversion or flatting of T wave in limb leads (I,II,III),avl, avf and most of the chest leads .

The objective of this investigation is to evaluate the level of the some minerals (sodium, potassium and calcium) in the soil, forage and sheep serum, the specimens were 1 Kg of soil and forage and 10 blood samples taken from each district (Nasriya and Shatra) in Thi-Qar province. The results show that significant (p≤0.05) increase in the sheep serum sodium concentration in Nasriya region (44.21±14.9) Mmol/L compared with the Shatra (34.84±6.61) Mmol/L, while the potassium concentration in sheep serum appeared a significant (p≤0.05) decrease in Nasriya district (6.23±1.00) Mmol/L compared with Shatra(13.16±2.42) Mmol/L but there is no significance (p≤0.05) change found in sheep serum calcium between the two studied areas in Nasryia was (0.40±0.12) Mg/dl but Shatra was (0.24±0.05) Mg/dl. The sodium level in the forages is high but not significant(p≤0.05) in the Nasriya(0.369±0.101)when compared with Shatra(0.321±0.011) g/Kg The potassium in forages is higher in Nasriya (0.411±0.011) g/Kg but not significant (p≤0.05) when compared with Shatra (0.255±0.011) g/Kg Calcium of forage was decreased in Nasryia (0.136±0.012) g/Kg but in Shatra was (0.355±0.044) g/Kg with no significancy (p≤0.05). In soil sodium of Nasryia is high (0.942±0.051) g/Kg but not significant (p≤0.05) and in Shatra was (0.887±0.032) g/Kg, the potassium in soil of Nasryia was (0.418±0.023) g/Kg but not significant (p≤0.05) and in Shatra was(0.424±0.022) g/Kg Calcium is higher in Nasriya soil (0.602±0.043) g/Kg but lower in soil of Shatra was (0.657±0.048) g/Kg with no significancy (p≤0.05).

This study revealed the prevalence of Cryptosporidium parasite by using 120 fecal sample from wild pigeons in Baghdad city during the period Jounuary2013 to December 2013. The total infection rate was 40% [48/120] which divided in to 38.18% [21/55]in males and 41.53%[27/65] in females. A high infection rate 76.66% [23/30] was recorded in winter season, while a low infection rate 16.66%[5/30] was found in Autumn. The three Cryptosporidium species oocysts were detected varied from small (Cryptosporidium meleagridis ) , medium ( Cryptosporidium baileyi ) and large size( Cryptosporidium galli ).

The present study was carried out to detect histopathologic lesions in different rat organs after chronic exposure to formaldehyde vapor. Forty adult albino Wistar rats were used in this experiment. Animals were divided into two groups; Control group (n=10; 5 males and 5 females) which were not exposed to formaldehyde at all, while the remainders regarded as the experimental group (exposed to formaldehyde for 21 days, n=30; 15 males and 15 females). The histopathologic examination in our study revealed several changes in exposed group such as; chronic tracheitis, squamous metaplasia of lining epithelium and tracheal glands with occurrence dysplasia in the lining epithelium, interstitial pneumonia, hydropic degeneration in the hepatocytes, epidermal hyperplasia, interstitial glomerulonephritis with atrophy of glomeruli. We concluded that the overexposure of formaldehyde produced lesions in different organs but their toxic effects were seen predominantly in respiratory system.

The aim of this study was induce oestrus during anoestrus season and compare the efficiency of (FGA) sponges in combination with either (PMSG) or cloprostenol in inducing and synchronizing the oestrus cycle in Iraqi ewes .A total of 40 ewes used in this experiment . All ewes treated with a vaginal sponge containing 20 mg fluorogestone acetate (FGA) inserted into the vagina of the ewes for 14 days. All animals were divided into four groups randomly, each group contained 10 ewes. Group1 was a control group received (FGA+ normal saline), group 2 received (FGA+PGF2α) , group 3 received (FGA+PMSG) , group 4 received (FGA+PMSG+PGF2α). Statistical analysis of estrus response reveals significant differences (P˂0.05) between control group and treated groups (group 1, 70%; group 2, 100%; group3, 100%) respectively. Pregnancy, Lambing rate and litter size were not significant differences between the treatment groups and the control group (p˂0.05). These result indicate that (FGA +PGF2α ; FGA +PMSG ; FGA+PMSG+PGF2α) were better than control group in oestrus response , in spite of significant differences was no found in pregnancy rate , lambing rate and litter size

This study was performed on 64 Iraqi female buffaloes suffered from Retained fetal membranes in - Karbala province on the period from December 2012 until December 2013 with different ages. These animals were divided randomly into two groups. The treated group(36) buffaloes were given Receptal® (GnRh) 0.021mg/5 ml/ IM on day “14 “ postpartum .while the other “control group” (28) buffaloes were injected with ( 5 ml) distilled water also on day (14) postpartum. The response in the (GnRh) treated group(decrease of the first postpartum estrus and decreased open days) records 52.3±16.4 days for the first postpartum period compared with 74.7±21.8days of control group. While service per conception showed1.9±1.2 to the GnRh treated group compared to 2.4±1.6 of the control group. The days open in the GnRh treated group was 88.6%±12.5 compared to 123.2±25.4 in the control group. The statistical analysis showed that GnRh treated group showed significant shorter postpartum period than control group, in case of first postpartum period and open days. While the number of services per conception showed no significant difference. Key word- GnRh- Buffaloes - RFM- Receptal®

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of adding propolis powder to the diet on productive , carcass characteristics and blood parameters in broiler chicks. Total of 180 1- day- old chicks were distributed randomly among four dietary treatments of propolis 0 , 0.5 , 1.5 and 2.5 g/kg diets . Each treatment was contain three replicate (15 birds / pen ). The results revealed that propolis supplementation at levels of 0.5 and 1.5 g/kg significantly (p

‘One health’ is particularly suited to serve mobile pastoralists. Dinka pastoralists in Sudan inspired Calvin Schwabe to coin the term ‘one medicine’, indicating that there is no difference in paradigm between human and veterinary medicine. Our contemporary definition of ‘one health’ is any added value in terms of improved health of humans and animals or financial savings or environmental services resulting from a closer cooperation of human and animal health sectors. Here we present a summary of ‘one health’ studies with mobile pastoralists in Africa which were done in research partnership, demonstrating such an added value. Initial joint human and animal health studies revealed higher livestock vaccination coverage than in the pastoralist community, leading to joint animal and human vaccination intervention studies which demonstrated a better access to primary health care services for pastoralists in Chad. Further simultaneous animal and human serological studies showed that camel breeding was associated with human Q-fever seropositivity. In Borana communities in Ethiopia, human cases of  Mycobacterium bovis infection could be related to strains isolated from cattle. A challenge remained with regard to how to assess vaccination coverage in mobile populations. With the advent of mobile phones, health and demographic surveillance could be established for mobile pastoralists and their animals. This presents vast possibilities for surveillance and control of human and animal diseases. Pastoralists prefer a ‘one health’ approach and therefore contribute toward the validation of this concept by showing real added value of the cooperation between human and animal health services.