The current study showed that the right and left kidneys of a Pit Bull dog were normal, the only difference, which appeared in the left kidney, is the bulging of the mid-lateral border with a marked depression in the craniolateral aspect of the left kidney.

This study was conducted to record the potential risk of some pathogens in table eggs in Beni-Suef city, Egypt. A total of 100 table eggs samples (Farm and Baladi eggs) were randomly collected from poultry farms, markets, supermarkets and groceries in Beni-Suef city, 50 farm eggs samples (each of 3 eggs) and 50 baladi eggs samples (each of 5 eggs) were examined for the presence of coliforms, E.coli, Salmonella, coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcal enterotoxins. Isolates were identified by biochemical, serological and molecular (PCR) methods. The obtained results in the present study revealed that (22%) of the examined samples were contaminated with Coliforms. The other identified genera were Citrobacter freundii, Citrobacter diversus, Edwardsiella tarda, Enterobacter spp., Morgonella morganii, Klebsiella oxytoca, Providencea spp., Serratia fonticola and Yersinia intermedia. E.coli (atypical type) was detected in a percentage of 27.27%. True fecal E. coli and Salmonella spp. failed to be detected in any of the whole examined 100 eggs samples. Additionally, Staphylococcus spp. was detected with incidence rate of (13%), out of them, 8 (61.5%) isolates were accounted for coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus. Enterotoxin profiling revealed that two classical enterotoxin genes (SEA and SED) were detected either singly or in combination. The potential health hazards and the suggested control measures of the isolated strains had been discussed.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the ability of Chitosan to promote induced tibial fracture healing in a rat model. The study was conducted on 14 albino rats divided into two equal groups (seven rats in each group). The first group was considered as a control group. The second group was injected Chitosan solution 0.1 mg/kg into the fracture gap. The progress of healing in each group was evaluated by clinical, radiography, ultrasonography and pathological examinations. The healing process was observed to be superior in the Chitosan group compared to the control one. Chitosan was found to promote healing of injured bone and is suggested to be used in cases of complicated or delayed bone fracture.

Trichinella zimbabwensis naturally infects a variety of reptilian and wild mammalian hosts in South Africa. Attempts have been made to experimentally infect piranha fish with T. zimbabwensis and T. papuae without success. Tigerfish (Hydrocynus vittatus) and African sharp tooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus) are accomplished predators cohabiting with Nile crocodiles (Crocodylus niloticus) and Nile monitor lizards (Varanus niloticus) in southern Africa and are natural hosts of T. zimbabwensis. To assess the infectivity of T. zimbabwensis to these two hosts, 24 African sharp tooth catfish (mean live weight 581.75 ± 249.71 g) randomly divided into 5 groups were experimentally infected with 1.0 ± 0.34 T. zimbabwensis larvae per gram (lpg) of fish. Forty-one tigerfish (mean live weight 298.6 ± 99.3 g) were randomly divided for three separate trials. An additional 7 tigerfish were assessed for the presence of natural infection as controls. Results showed no adult worms or larvae of T. zimbabwensis in the gastrointestinal tract and body cavities of catfish sacrificed at day 1, 2 and 7 post-infection (p.i.). Two tigerfish from one experimental group yielded 0.1 lpg and 0.02 lpg of muscle tissue at day 26 p.i. and 28 p.i., respectively. No adult worms or larvae were detected in the fish from the remaining groups sacrificed at day 7, 21, 28, 33 and 35 p.i. and from the control group. Results from this study suggest that tigerfish could sustain T. zimbabwensis under specific yet unknown circumstances.

This study focusing on the importance of Candida albicans growth conditions on SAP8and SAP10 genes expression, as a member of the Secreted Aspartic Proteases superfamily genesthat play a role in the pathogenicity of C. albicans and the effects of this conditions on thepathogenicity of this bacterium in albino mice.Ten pathogenic isolates of C. albicans weregrown on two different conditions using RPMI1640 medium at 37° C for mimic host conditionand on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) at 25° C as in vitro condition. Sets of primers were usedto detect SAP8 and SAP10 genes expression in each condition. Forty BALB/c albino mice wereassigned to groups and inoculated with 1 X 107 cells/mouse of C. albicans grown in the studyconditions as challenge dose. Kidneys, lungs, and liver were collected to study the pathologicalchanges. Data show overexpression of the SAP8 gene in study isolates grown in RPMI1640comparison to the SAP10 gene. Kidneys, liver, and lungs showed pathological lesions at adifferent range of severity, a significant severe lesion in the kidney in mice injected with C.albicans grown in RPMI 1640 medium, while in contrast the significant severe liver and lunglesions were observed in mice injected with C. albicans grown in SDA medium. This studypoints out that the growth condition of C. albicans plays a role in the pathogenicity of thismicroorganism and SAP8 gene related to the infection process in the host.

Antibacterial drug resistance is an increasingly worldwide occurred health problempresented by bacterial-originated defectiveness to the work of a wide-range of antibacterialdrugs. Uncovering the antibacterial effects of ethanolic extract of garlic (Allium sativum) (Glc)and sumac (Rhus coriaria) (Smc) on Salmonella typhimurium isolated from chickens was themain goal of the present study.Fifty samples of intestinal contents of chickens were collectedrandomly from various farms located in Al-Diwaniyah province,All specimens inoculated intoon macconky agar, Salmonella-Shigella agar at 37c for 24-48-hr, also examined on XLD agarand Salmonella CHROME agar Allium sativum( Glc) or Rhus coriaria (Smc )extract, atdifferent concentrations, or antibacterial drugs (control), 10mcg ciprofloxacin (Cip), 30mcgamoxicillin/clavulanic acid (Amc), 10mcg neomycin (N), were employed to test theirantibacterial activities (AAs) against S. typhimurium using agar-gel diffusion tests, Theexperiment included an investigation about of one isolates from origin 6 isolates of S.typhimurium , 6 out of the 50 chicken samples (12%) were culture positive for salmonella typhimurium , Significant (p˂0.05) increases in the AAs against S. typhimurium were shown byGlc or Smc extracts when compared to those from the antibiotics. Moreover, these AA increaseswere revealed to be incremented as the concentrations of those extracts were elevated. Nosignificant (p˃0.05) differences were demonstrated between the AAs of both extracts. Inaddition, Cip, Amc, and N showed AAs against S. typhimurium; however, Cip revealed thestrongest AAs followed by Amc.

This experiment was done to assess the effect of Chlorella, as a source of protein, andgerminated barley powder, as a source of natural prebiotic, on the performance of commoncarp. The experiment was conducted by using one-way ANOVA (analysis of variance) with acompletely randomized design (CRD). Higher significantly in T2 with 5% Chlorella and T5(20% germinated barley). FCR recorded significant differences among treatment as comparedto T5 (20% germinated barley), and the opposite was observed in FER. T5 with 20%germinated barley was differing significantly in each of the spleen somatic and kidneysomatic indices. Adding germinated barley leads to enhanced intestine weight index in T4 andT5. The parameters were hepatosomatic and gill somatic indices, condition factor, fish weightwithout viscera, fish weight without viscera and head, lipids, ash and moisture, organolepticevaluation of mean juiciness, flavor, color, and complete acceptance. We conclude that theuse of Chlorella and germinated barley potentially enhances the growth performance and fish meat quality. We recommend using both plants in earthen ponds to rely on using natural products in fish feeding.

Histological sections of the embryos and fetuses of the Sprague Dawley rats were usedto study the ocular developmental stages. Microscopic examination indicated that the primordialtissue related to the eye is found in the head fold region as an optic pit, then form the opticvesicle. The latter is invaginated upon itself to form the optic cup. The lens vesicle, which hadseparated from the ectoderm, was distinctly visible. Hence, lens capsule and fibers were evident.The front lens of the eye is derived from the superficial ectoderm and from the cornea.The optic vesicle is destined to form the retina. The mesenchymal cells found between themargins of the cup and the lens is involved in the formation of the vitreous body. In conclusion,the organogenesis of the ocular tissues in studied rats becomes evident when the optic cup andinvaginated lens placode were begun to be formed which can bemorphologically identified on the 12th embryonic day. The current information about theembryonic and fetal development of the rat’s eye gives more concepts for subsequentmorphological and physiological works or experiments.

Camels’ milk has gained so many attentions recently because of its unique therapeuticeffects. Iraq is one of the Arab countries with a long history of camel husbandry and few studiesregarding this important products’ compositions. In this study fresh milk samples from 78apparently healthy she camels from Wasit province were collected and analyzed. According tothe results means ± Standard Deviation (SD) for Fat, Protein, and Lactose were 3.48 ± 0.95, 4.23± 1.61 and 4.3 ± 2.56 percent, respectively. In addition, values for Total solids, Solid non-fat,Salt values were 9.0 ± 1.43, 8.64 ± 1.75, and 0.73 ± 0.08 percent, respectively. And means ± SDfor Density was 1.031 ± 0.0032 g/cm3 in this study. Data analysis revealed that sampling datewas correlated with the milk’s fat, density, and pH (p<0.05). She camels’ age was correlatedwith salt values of their milk (p<0.001); while, their parity numbers correlated with the proteinand salt values of the milk (p<0.05). Our findings fell within the published literature with minorvariations; however, higher means for fat, protein and lactose were yielded compared to studiesfrom other countries. Owners should be educated that they could obtain milk with better qualityand higher quantity by improving feeding and husbandry measures.

This study was designed to Evaluate the biological activity of Schiff base derived fromphenyl ethyl amine produced novel compound used in this experiment. Thirty adult male ratsage (10-14) weeks (150-200) gm weights were included and separate randomly into 5 groups (6rats / group) and treated for 21days intraperitoneally (I.P) as follows:- Group 1 (control):0.5ml/day of DMSO daily ,Group 2: 18mg/kg of NaNO2, daily ,Group 3 94 mg/kg of phenylethyl amine daily ,Group 4 18 mg/kg of NaNO2, then after one hour 0.5ml/day from 66.8mg/kgof synthesis compound daily , Group 5: 0.5ml/day from 66.8mg/kg of synthesized compound.According to finding Results there was significant ameliorative effects of Schiff base againstsodium nitrate toxicity in several physiological parameters as (R.B.C. count , Hb. concentration ,PCV. ,W.B.C. count MID%, TSH,T3 andT4 levels ) which the result showed there weresignificant decreased in this parameters in group 5 where administrate sodium nitrate and afterone hour novel compound in compared with group 2 sodium nitrate alone .