The aim of the study to evaluate the enhanced effect of aqueous extract ofrosemary on testis tissue in male rats after inducing hyperthyroidism by L–thyroxin andcompare with propylthiouracil effect. The animals (32 male rats) were divided into twogroups. The first group was a control group consists of 8 male rats that were treated withdistilled water for 12 days and the rest of the animals induced with hyperthyroidism bylevothyroxine 0.5 mg / kg subcutaneously for 12 days. After the induction, the animalswere divided into four groups each consists of eight male rats. The first group was thecontrol group and they were treated with distilled water for another 12 days, the secondgroup included male rats induced hyperthyroidism were treated with distilled water for 12days orally, while the third group included male rats induced hyperthyroidism that weretreated with propylthiouracil at a dose of 10 mg / kg for 12 days orally, and the fourthgroup included male rats induced hyperthyroidism that were treated with rosemary extractat a dose of 12 mg / kg for 10 days, orally. The results showed that rosemary extract led tocomplete healing of testicular tissue, unlike propylthiouracil.

The purpose of this study was to describe some characteristic features of theintraglandular duct system in the lactating udder of adult indigenous cow by cast formingand radiography study. Ten udders of local breed cows (5 for resin cast formation and 5for radiological study), clinically appeared healthy and aged (2-5) years were obtainedfrom Al- shoala slaughter-house in Baghdad city. Our study primed to describe andinvestigate of the intraglandular duct system of the local cow breed. The present findingwas showed that the duct system was a network of unequal sizes tubules which wasbegins with the small intralobular ducts then interlobular duct empty into a collectingduct which drain the milk into the lactiferous sinus by a several of lactiferous duct, thelactiferous sinus forms a common cavity for each quarter of the udder which drain intothe teat sinus and then teat canal.

The aim of this research paper were to monitor the presence of source zoonotic bacterial diseases inthe physical tools that used in animal farms. That had a role in the store and the transmission of zoonoticbacterial diseases to farmers and affected their health and the transfer to different farm products. As well,which caused loss of the product and diseases to consumers that may affect farmers' health and animalhealth. That was used principled method for bacterial isolation and identification. It was found bacteria41%; it may cause damage to products from food poisoning to zoonotic bacterial diseases to consumers. Itwas found the Gram-negative 69% and Gram-positive 31%, which were the most resistant bacteria toantibiotics and causes zoonotic bacterial diseases. It was found Staphylococcous Spp. 39% andStreptococcus Spp. 13%. Escherichia coli were 49%; (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebseilla pneumonia,and Campylobacter Spp) were (17, 12 and 11%). (Actinobacter Spp. and Proteus Spp.), were (6 and 3%),Salmonella Spp. was 1%. It indicated the existence of PTs as stores for that may be a source of zoonoticbacterial diseases and may easily transmitted to humans or animal products, causing health and economicdamage. It was concluded that the zoonotic bacterial diseases could be transmitted from physical tools assources that were used in the farm and caused health damage and economic effects. That recommendedpreferring quality physical tools to minimize the health and economic damage to decrease zoonoticbacterial diseases to be not affected animal or human health.

The random uses of androgenic anabolic steroids such as dianabol (Alpha pharma)especially among young people and adolescent could have harmful effects on health.The aim of this study is to investigate the possible harmful effects of oraladministration of dianabol on the histology and hormones levels of the thyroid glandin female rats. The study was carried out in the animal house ( College ofveterinaryMedicine / University of Al-Qasim Green . Twenty four female rats(Rattus rattus ) were divided into 4 groups , three groups were given dianabol orallyat the concentrations of (0.05 , 0.1 , 0.2) mg/kgvrespectively on daily basis for sixweeks , and the fourth group, served as a control group, was injected by (0.9%Nacl).Thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine(T3) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) wereestimate, Histological study included the histopathological changes in thyroid glandtissue. The results showed a significant increase (p< 0.05) in the levels of TSH, T4,and T3 compared with the control group .This study also showed changes in thethyroid tissue that included hyperplasia of thyroid follicles, colloid material in mostfollicles, little or no increase in the size of follicles which suggest that increased doseof dianabol leads to pathological (Physiological and histological) changes noticeablein most of the studied criteria.

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a highly contagious transboundary disease ofcattle with significant economic burden. Our study is based on a questionnairedesigned to describe the epidemiological features keys of LSD in Basrah and toidentify putative risk factors. The information obtained from this questionnairespecifically included sex, age, vaccination status, clinical signs and the number ofdeath because of LSD in the cattle. This study was conducted from December 2018to May 2019, with a total of 251 cattle owners participated in the interview. Out of251 owners interviewed, 329 of their cattle were infected with LSD (accumulativeincidence estimated at 16.2%). The majority of owners (91.6%) admitted that theydid not segregate the infected animal from the rest of the herds. Respect to animalmanagement and farming system, the semi-intensive system of rearing animals wasthe most common farming system adapted by farmers (70%) while only 30% werekept under intensive system. The majority of the owners 97.2% (244/251) reportedthey were not received any vaccine of LSD. The mortality rate; however, measuredat 2% and the case-fatality rate measured at 11%. The abortion rate among infectedpregnant cows was calculated at 10.5%. The study concluded LSD is newlyemerging disease in Basrah and various preventative measures including restrictionillegal movement of animals, vector control, farm biosecurity and, vaccinationprogram need to be considered to prevent further new incidence cases

This experiment has been performed to assess the effect of partial substitution of fishmealwith lentil seeds in common carp growth performance, feed utilization and certain biologicalparameters (Fulton condition, Hepatic somatic index, Gills somatic index, Kidney somatic index,Spleen somatic index, Intestine Length index, Intestine weight index). Fish from a private fishfarm were acquired in province of Sulaimaniyah, Iraq. Average fish weight ranged from 95-99gm. Fish were divided into 5 treatment groups. The treatments were: T1: In fish diet 0% lentilseed was replaced with fishmeal, T2: In fish diet 5% lentil seed was replaced with fishmeal, T3:10% lentil seed was replaced with fishmeal, T4: 15% lentil seed was replaced with fishmeal, T5:20% lentil seed was replaced with fishmeal. There had been significant differences in weightgain, daily, relative, and specific growth rate as lentil seed replaced with fishmeal in fish diet.Feed Efficiency Ratio, Protein Efficiency Ratio and Fat Efficiency Ratio was significantly higherin T5 group than that of the other treated groups. No significant differences in the mean values ofHepatosomatic index, Spleensomatic index and Kidneysomatic index were detected. Significantdifference in the mean value of Condition Factor was found among treatment groups. Intestinelengthindex was significant among treatment groups according to fish weight while mean value showed non-significant cording to fish length. The performance and general health of thecommon carp were significantly improved by raw lentil seed. Due to their low price incomparison to fishmeal and commercially available in all markets, it is suggested to substitutethe fishmeal with raw lentil seed in commercial fish diet.

The cats might severely affected and became carrier for Hemoplasma spp., sothe current study were aimed to investigate hemoplasmosis in cate in Basarh city,Iraq.This work was conducted via examine (20) cats of local cat breeds in Basarhcity, using their blood samples for stained smear and blood parameters.The Giemsastained blood smears revealed seven (35%) cats infected with Hemoplasmosis.However, thirteen (65%) was found negative. Diseased cats show pale and or/ictericmucos membranes, dehydration, emaciation, loos of appetite, and weakness,Moreover , a significant increase of body temperature, respiratory and heart rate wasindicated. Results was also show a significant decrease of RBC,HB and PCV ofdiseased cats which reflected Normocytic Normochromic type of anemia.Hemoplasma spp. of infected cats appears round or rod shape singular or chainedlocated on the cell membranes of the infected erythrocytes .It was concluded thatfeline mycoplasmosis lead to deleterious effects which might terminated with deathof affected cats .

The objectives of current research were evaluate the efficacy of commercially availableNewcastle disease vaccine and determine the best vaccination program. A total number of 150one-day-old unvaccinated chicks were divided equally into 5 groups. One vaccination programwere used for each group which differ from each other while group 5 was unvaccinated controlgroup. Serum were collected from all groups and five chickens from each group were sacrificed.Afterward immunization HI geometric mean titer (GMT) rates were observed that bothseroconverted birds in Group 1 to Group 4 have risen statistically significantly, with statisticalsignificant changes. (p < 0.05). However, the birds in group 4 which had the best HI titers(147). The levels of ChIFN-γ was measured by ELISA, there were also higher in the vaccinatedgroups (group 1, 2, 3 and 4) than in the non-vaccinated group. Group 4 also had the best ChIFN-γ level. The higher values of lymphoid organs (spleen, Bursa of Fabricius and thymus) indiceswere in vaccinated groups are compared to non-vaccinated groups, while between vaccinatedgroups there was no significant different (P < 0.05). Commercial ND vaccines are effective andvaccination scheme of group 4 (live ND vaccine at 7th day of age by eye drop as primaryvaccine followed by live ND vaccine at 21st day of age by drinking water as booster dose) hasmore protective effects in broiler chicken.

The aim of study was to explore the analgesic and sedative effects of tramadoland metoclopramide co-adminstration in sheep. Injection of tramadol intramuscular at5mg/kg body weight in sheep produced deep sedation, recompense and analgesia incomparison with dose of 2.5mg/kg body weight which produced only mild sedationand failed as analgesic dose. Intramuscular injection of metoclopramide at 20mg/kgbody weight in sheep produced deep sedation, recompense and analgesia incomparisons with dose of 10 mg/kg which produced only sedation and failed asanalgesic dose. Intramuscular injection of metoclopramide at dose20mg/kg ortramadol at 5mg/kg body weight in sheep each alone were produced deep sedation,recumbence and analgesia while metoclopramide at 10mg/kg body weight or tramadola(t2.5mg/kg b. W) produced only mild sedation and each dose felid to producedanalgesia in sheep. Concomitant administration of tramadol at dose2.5mg/kg bodyweight to sheep and metoclopramide at dose 10mg/kg body weight intramuscular assedatives not analgesia dose produced a significant increase in sedation score andproduced deep sedation with recompense as well as good analgesia in comparisonwith control group and group of tramadol or metoclopramide alone.

 Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a contagious viral infection of cattle caused by lumpyskin disease virus (LSDV). This infection has a huge economic impact on the cattle industryas a result of skin damage, inflammation of mammary glands and decrease milk production,reduces reproduction and even death as a consequence of secondary bacterial infection. Iraqis considered as an endemic country by OIE that continues breaking throughout differentparts of the country. The aims of this research work was to detect and molecularcharacterization of LSDV in Duhok province for the first time through using a phylogeneticapproach of P32 and RPO30 genes. The results showed that LSDV was detected andidentified over using PCR and sequencing and the isolate 1 LSDV/Duhok/Kurdistan/2019,isolate 2 LSDV/Duhok/Kurdistan/2019 and isolate 3 LSDV/Duhok/Kurdistan/2019 wereclustered in LSDV lineage for both P32 and RPO30 genes. The phylogenetic analysis ofthese isolates showed a close relationship with the previously published isolates based on P32gene sequences, while this study is the first study to publish genetic information on RPO30gene of the Iraqi isolates and compare them to the other publicly available data sets of othercountries. To sum up, the findings of this paper could be beneficial to illustrate the spreadingnature of LSDV in Iraq and mainly in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. Furthermore, offer thetheoretical references for control and prevention of LSDV infections in future.