Parafilaria bovicola, general appearance, size, developmental times, and site of development of each larval stage in potential vector flies (Musca xanthomelas and M. lusoria)

Babesia occultans n. sp. originally obtained from engorged female Hyalomma marginatum rufipes collected from cattle in Northern Transvaal, transmission studies in laboratory strain of ticks and splenectomized cattle, morphological, serological, and cross-immunity studies distinguished parasite as previously undescribed species highly infective for H. marginatum rufipes but of low virulence in cattle, unsuccessful attempt to transmit transovarially with Boophilus microplus

Anaplasma marginale, several techniques used to determine effectiveness of stains for demonstrating colonies of Anaplasma in Dermacentor andersoni

Echinococcus multilocularis, cats are less suitable than dogs as definitive hosts

A total of 210 dairy cows were epidemiologically investigated for mastitis by Milk Quality Test (MQT) Method. Milk samples from cows infected with mastitis were also bacteriologically studied. 71(42.5%) of 174 dairy cows were positive for mastitis and 59(79.7%) among them were infected with subclinical mastitis and 15(20.3%) with clinical mastitis. The incidence rate of subclinical mastitis for herd showed tendency to increase at the barn located on a lower place (30.7-7-43.9%), whereas, the barn which was on a higher place and with bucket type milking system showed tendency to decrease causative organisms. A total of 230 strains of etiological agents were isolated from 578 infected duarters which shown MQT score (+) or more. The relevant causative organisms isolated in this study were Staphylococcus aureus (18.3%) Staphylococcus epidermidis (16.9%), fungi (16.5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.2%), E. coli (7.8%) and Serratia marcescens (2.2%), respectively.

This study was performed to evaluate the sedative effect of xylazine for restraint of deers such as sika deer (19 cases), deer (19 cases), elk (19 cases), pere david deer (13 cases) and reindeer (8 cases), raised in the area of suburb of Seoul, Chungcheongnam-do and Gyungsangbug-do. Provinces, Korea [R.]. The more the dose of xylazine, the earlier the onset of sedation, and the slower the recovery time to normal state. The optimal intramuscular dose of xylazine was found to be 0.8-1.4 mg per Kg of body weight for sika deer, 0.6-1.0 mg for red deer, 1.0-1.4 mg for elk, 0.2-0.4 mg for pere david deer, and 0.6-1.0 mg for reindeer.

Amblyomma testudinarium Koch, 1844, previously known to occur in India, Sri Lanka, Burma, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Indochina, the Philippines, Taiwan and Japan, is here initially discovered and recorded in Korea [R.]. A male specimen was collected from grazing Frisian cattle of the Dae Weon Farm on Jeju island (Korea R.) by a local veterinary official on the 28th June in 1981. The specimen was examined and identified as A. testudinarium. The morphological characteristics of the male specimen were redescribed. A total of 18 species of ticks belonging to 7 genera, such as Argas, Amblyomma, Boophilus, Dermacentor, Haemaphysalis, Hyalomma and Ixodex, has now been recorded to occur in Korea [R.].

A total of 251 clinical isolates (human origin 43 strains and boving udder origin 208 strains) of the Staphylococcus that fermented mannitol aerobically were tested for ability to produce coagulase, DNase, and thermostable nuclease. Of these, 158 isolates coagulated human or bovine plasma, produced DNase, and thermostable, nuclease and were identified as St. aureus, 146 of which produced a 1+ to 3+ clot. The remaining 12 isolated produced a -clot in citrate treated plasma but produced 1+ to 3+ clot in ethylenedi-aminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) treated plasma. It was found that 7 coagulase positive isolates failed to produce thermostable nuclease. In these organisms, we found out of the clot formation is not by coagulase activity but utilization of citrate, because EDTA treated plasma is not coagulated. Among 93 isolates which did not coagulate citrate-or EDTA treated plasma and thermostable nuclease negative, 28 strains produced DNase were identified as St. epidermidis, and other strains were not identification further. It was found that thermostable nuclease production appears to be a consistent property of St. aureus and the test is easy to perform, is rapid to become quite distinct within 2 to 4 hours, and is not influenced by as many factors and variations as the coagulase test.

To observe the histopathological changes on the bite lesion produced by the tick Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann with particular reference to the acquired immunity in the host, a series of experiments was carried out. The major histopathological changes of the lesion produced by the tick were characterized by a hemorrhagic and edematous inflammatory reaction, leukocyte infiltration and some nectoric signs.

Changes in serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (S-GOT) activities, serum alkaline phosphatase activities and serum total protein amounts were investigated on seven Korean native cows having normal estrus cycle of 18-24 days after normal parturition, dividing estrus cycle into estrus (0-1 days), metestrus (2-6 days), diestrus (7-16 days), proestrus (17-20 days). Serum total protein amount at estrus ranged from 6.45 to 8.08/10O dl with a mean of 7.25 +-0. 56g/100 dl, at metestrus 6.37 to 7.9 g/100 dl with a mean of 7.65+-0 0.50 g/100 dl, at diestrus, 6.56 to 8.67 g/100 dl, with a mean of 7.53+-0.55 g/100 dl and at proestrus 5.94 to 7.71 g/100 dl with a mean of 6.54+-0.65 g/dl. There was no significance among the stages of estrus cycle.