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ERRATA: Ferramenta para detecção da conexão de violência doméstica e maustratos a animais de companhia em Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil | ERRATUM: A tool for detection of the connection between domestic violence and companion animal mistreatment in Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil النص الكامل
2024
O artigo "Ferramenta para detecção da conexão de violência doméstica e maustratos a animais de companhia em Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil" [ Braz J Vet Res Anim Sci 2024;61:e215417, doi.org/10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2024.215417] na primeira forma publicada ocorre uma falha na ordem dos autores. A ordem correta dos autores é: Tália Missen Tremori, Mariel Adan Everson, Juliana Santeramo, Laiza Bonela Gomes, Sérvio Túlio Jacinto Reis, Laila Massad Ribas, Mara Rita Rodrigues Massad and Noeme Sousa Rocha. | In the article "A tool for detection of the connection between domestic violence and companion animal mistreatment in Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil" [ Braz J Vet Res Anim Sci 2024;61:e215417, doi.org/10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2024.215417] in the first published form it happens a fail in the authors order. The correct order of the authors is: Tália Missen Tremori, Mariel Adan Everson, Juliana Santeramo, Laiza Bonela Gomes, Sérvio Túlio Jacinto Reis, Laila Massad Ribas, Mara Rita Rodrigues Massad and Noeme Sousa Rocha.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Estratégias para aumentar o número de adoção de cães em um abrigo brasileiro | Strategies to increase the number of dog adoptions in a Brazilian shelter النص الكامل
2024
Baldan, Ana Lucia | Garcia, Rita de Cassia Maria | Baldan, Ana Lucia | Garcia, Rita de Cassia Maria
Animais em situação de rua é uma realidade muito triste no Brasil e sabe se que o abandono é um problema multifatorial e que gera impacto negativo no bem-estar dos animais e riscos à saúde pública. Animais abandonados são acolhidos, na sua maioria, por Organizações Não Governamentais (ONG), Organizações da Sociedade Civil (OSC) espalhadas pelo país. Para mitigar a problemática do abandono essas organizações buscam a promoção de eventos de adoção para tentar sanar o número cada vez mais crescente de animais nesses locais. Mas todo evento de adoção precisa ser realizado de forma adequada e criteriosa, e o acompanhamento da nova família ou novo tutor no pós-adoção é fundamental para identificar riscos de um novo abandono. A literatura mostra que a adoção mal-sucedida está associada a problemas da interação entre tutores e cães, que podem resultar em comportamento indesejáveis. Este estudo teve como objetivo trazer e aplicar pela primeira vez no Brasil dois programas internacionais, adaptados para nossos abrigos, o Passeio para Adoção (PA) e o Lar Adotivo (LA). Os dois programas permitem que famílias pré-cadastradas possam interagir com os cães fora do abrigo, seja em passeios nos parques, lojas e restaurantes ou passando uma ou mais noites com os cães em suas casas. Essa interação fora do abrigo propicia uma aproximação melhor para o futuro adotante e o cão, aumentando a chance de adoção que é o objetivo principal desse projeto de pesquisa. A cidade brasileira escolhida para aplicar o estudo foi Curitiba, no estado do Paraná. As coletas foram realizadas de outubro de 2022 a setembro de 2023 com 22 cães participantes, 7 nos dois programas, com 17 cães do PA adotados e 9 do LA. Muitos cães foram adotados pela família voluntária, um do PA e 7 do LA, o que comprova um resultado positivo para aplicação dos programas principalmente o LA. | Stray dogs are an unfortunate reality in Brazil, and abandonment is a known multifactorial problem that generates a negative impact on animal welfare and risks to public health. Abandoned animals are primarily taken in by Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) across the country. To mitigate the problem, these organizations promote adoption events to remedy the increasingly growing number of abandoned animals. However, every adoption event must be appropriately and carefully carried out, and monitoring the new family or guardian post- adoption is essential to identify risks of new abandonment. The literature shows that unsuccessful adoption is associated with problems in the interaction between owners and dogs, which can result in undesirable behavior. This study aimed to bring and apply for the first time in Brazil two international programs adapted for our shelters, the Field Trip (Passeio para Adoção – PA) and the Sleepover (Lar Adotivo -LA). The two programs allow pre-registered families to interact with the dogs outside the shelter, whether through walks in parks, stores, and restaurants or by spending one or more nights with them in their homes. This interaction outside the shelter provides a better approach to the future adopter and the dog, increasing the chance of adoption, which is the main objective of this research project. The Brazilian city chosen to apply the study was the Curitiba state of Paraná. Data were collected from October 2022 to September 2023, with 22 participating dogs, 7 in both programs and 17 dogs adopted from PA and nine from LA. Many dogs were adopted by volunteer families, one from PA and 7 from LA, which proves a positive result for applying the programs, predominantly from LA.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Epidemiologia do abandono: razões pelas quais tutores procuram Organizações da Sociedade Civil (OSC’s) de proteção animal para entregade seus animais domésticos | Epidemiology of Abandonment: reasons why guardians seek out animal protection Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) to give up their pets النص الكامل
2024
Brugnerotto, Michele | Montiani-Ferreira, Fabiano | Escorsim, Silvana Maria | Garcia, Rita de Cassia Maria | Brugnerotto, Michele | Montiani-Ferreira, Fabiano | Escorsim, Silvana Maria | Garcia, Rita de Cassia Maria
O abandono de animais domésticos é um problema frequente nas áreas urbanas, impacta negativamente os animais, o ser humano e o meio ambiente e necessita de uma abordagem sob a estratégia de saúde única para compreender o contexto em que este problema está inserido, possibilitando a construção de medidas para o seu enfrentamento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar os principais motivos relatados por tutores que entraram em contato com Organizações da Sociedade Civil (OSC’s) de proteção animal para realizar a entrega de seu animal doméstico. Verificou-se que a maioria dos animais eram filhotes (34,9%, 44/126), não tinham uma raça definida (54,8%, 69/126), não eram castrados (57,9%, 73/126), apresentavam tempo de convivência com o tutor menor que 6 meses (54%, 68/126) e foram resgatados da rua (42,9%, 54/126). Os motivos mais relatados para entrega de seu animal foram questões de moradia (44,2%, 23/52), seguido de problemas financeiros (30,8%, 16/52) e doença do tutor (11,5%, 6/52). Sobre o perfil dos tutores que participaram desta pesquisa, a maioria era do gênero feminino (71,2%, 37/52), possuía ensino médio completo (46,2%, 24/52), tinha filhos (65,4%, 34/52) e não recebia nenhum benefício social (71,2%, 37/52). Quando foram oferecidas alternativas de apoio para o tutor desistir da entrega ou permanecer com o animal, 90,4% (47/52) informaram que não haveria nada que possibilitaria a permanência do animal. Este estudo é um primeiro passo para a compreensão do abandono de animais no Brasil. Com este estudo verificamos que poucas pessoas estão dispostas a solucionar a situação geradora do desejo de entrega do animal, demonstrando que o enfrentamento ao abandono vai muito além de um motivo informado, este, frequentemente, parece ter a intenção de respaldar o abandono. Compreender o comportamento humano no abandono de animais domésticos é um grande desafio, pois raramente os tutores estão dispostos a solucionar a situação, então, para propor medidas de enfrentamento será necessário desenvolver maneiras de fortalecer o vínculo humano-animal. | Abandoning domestic animals is a frequent problem in urban areas, harming animals, humans, and the environment. A single health strategy-based approach is necessary to understand the context of this problem, making it possible to build measures to tackle it. This study aimed to identify the main reasons given by guardians who contacted animal protection Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) to surrender their pets. We found that the majority of the animals were puppies (34.9%, 44/126), did not have a defined breed (54.8%, 69/126), were not neutered (57.9%, 73/126), had lived with their guardian for less than 6 months (54%, 68/126), and were street-rescued (42.9%, 54/126). The most frequently reported reasons for giving up their animals were housing issues (44.2%, 23/52), followed by financial problems (30.8%, 16/52), and the guardian’s illness (11.5%, 6/52). Regarding the profile of the guardians taking part in this study, the majority were female (71.2%, 37/52), had completed high school (46.2%, 24/52), had children (65.4%, 34/52), and did not receive any social benefits (71.2%, 37/52). When guardians were offered alternative support to give up or keep the animal, 90.4% (47/52) said nothing would enable them to keep it. This study is a first step towards understanding animal abandonment in Brazil. Furthermore, it shows that few people are willing to resolve the situation that led to them wanting to give up the animal, demonstrating that dealing with abandonment goes far beyond an informed reason, which often seems to have the intention of supporting abandonment. Understanding human behavior in abandoning domestic animals is a significant challenge, as guardians rarely resolve the situation. Thus, developing ways of strengthening the human-animal bond will be necessary to propose coping measures.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Avaliando o impacto de um curso em Educação Humanitária Solucionária para professores | Evaluating the impact of a course in Solutionary Humane Education for teachers النص الكامل
2024
Costa, Maria Elisabete da | Dias, Elisângela Batista Vieira Salgueiro | Stacheski, Gabriela Vitória | Brugnerotto, Michele | Garcia, Rita de Cassia Maria | Costa, Maria Elisabete da | Dias, Elisângela Batista Vieira Salgueiro | Stacheski, Gabriela Vitória | Brugnerotto, Michele | Garcia, Rita de Cassia Maria
The contemporary global context is characterized by the presence of multifaceted challenges, including climate change, armed conflicts, socio-economic disparities, food shortages and animal cruelty. Humane Education is the pillar for changing people's behavior and attitudes towards the environment, animals and society in general, promoting understanding of the challenges faced and their origins, as well as transforming them in a positive way. The aim was to train teachers in transformative humanitarian education in order to prepare them to analyze global problems in a critical, systemic, strategic and creative way. In addition, it seeks to motivate them to search for solutions that maximize well-being and minimize harm in everyday life, as well as enabling them to use tools acquired in a school environment to encourage active citizenship among their students. The Solving Humanitarian Education course inspired by the experience of the Institute for Humane Education took place in online format on the UFPR Virtual platform from 07/03/2022 to 08/05/2022 for teachers from all over the country. The course was made up of issues related to human rights, social justice, sustainability, animal protection and other interconnected themes in a broad and solution oriented way divided into 9 modules.Participants' knowledge was assessed using a pre- and post-course questionnaires in a qualitative and quantitative way and a focus group. The course received 221 pre registrations and 50 of them completed the Initial Questionnaire and were enrolled. Of the 50 teachers registered in the course, 10 completed the entire program. An increase of empathy and compassion towards non-human beings was observed, and reflected in a change in their perceptions of the sentience of various animal species. There was a rising awareness on behalf of the professionals of seeking pragmatic solutions to challenges faced by their communities. | O contexto global contemporâneo se caracteriza pela presença de desafios multifacetados, abarcando questões como as mudanças climáticas, conflitos armados, disparidades socioeconômicas, escassez de alimentos e maus-tratos contra animais. A Educação Humanitária é o pilar para a mudança de comportamento e atitude das pessoas em relação ao meio ambiente, aos animais e à sociedade em geral, promovendo compreensão dos desafios enfrentados e suas origens, bem como sua transformação de maneira positiva. Objetivou-se capacitar docentes em Educação Humanitária transformadora com a finalidade de prepará-los a analisar, de maneira crítica, sistêmica, estratégica e criativa, os problemas globais. Ademais, visa motivá-los a buscar soluções que maximizem o bem-estar e minimizem o dano na vida cotidiana, além de habilitá-los a utilizar as ferramentas adquiridas no ambiente escolar para fomentar a cidadania ativa entre seus alunos. O curso Educação Humanitária Solucionária, inspirado na experiência do Institute for Humane Education, realizou-se no formato à distância pela plataforma UFPR Virtual, no período de 07/03/2022 a 08/05/2022, para professores de todo o país. O curso foi composto por questões relacionadas aos direitos humanos, justiça social, sustentabilidade, proteção animal e outros temas interconectados de uma forma ampla e solucionária, dividido em 9 módulos. O conhecimento dos participantes foi mensurado por meio de um grupo focal e questionários, pré e pós-curso, de forma quali-quantitativa. O curso recebeu 221 pré-inscrições, das quais 50 foram efetivadas por meio do preenchimento do Questionário Inicial. Dos 50 professores matriculados no Curso, 10 concluíram todo conteúdo programático. Observouse o aumento da empatia e compaixão relacionadas aos seres não humanos, refletido na alteração de suas percepções sobre a senciência de várias espécies animais. Constatou-se um crescente interesse por parte dos profissionais em buscar soluções pragmáticas e solucionadoras para os desafios que suas comunidades enfrentam.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Editorial | Editorial النص الكامل
2024
Garcia, Rita de Cassia Maria | Garcia, Rita de Cassia Maria
Editorial for the special Collective Veterinary Medicine | Editorial para o especial Medicina Veterinária do Coletivo
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Three-minute nebulization of gentamicin in healthy dogs results in therapeutic concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid while remaining below the toxic range values in blood. النص الكامل
2024
Lyssens, Aurélie | Biénès, Tom | Fastrès, Aline | Machiels, Hélène | Moreau, Camille | Tutunaru, Alexandru-Cosmin | DEVILLE, Marine | Charlier, Corinne | Clercx, Cécile | Billen, Frédéric
peer reviewed | [en] OBJECTIVE: To determine and compare the concentration of gentamicin in the lower airways and serum of healthy spontaneously breathing dogs after nebulization with 5% undiluted gentamicin during 3 versus 10 minutes. ANIMALS: 10 healthy experimental Beagles. METHODS: This was a prospective crossover study. A standardized bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) procedure was performed in each dog after 1 week of administration of each of 2 different gentamicin nebulization protocols separated by a 1-week washout period. The 2 protocols consisted of nebulization of 5% undiluted gentamicin (50 mg/mL) twice daily either during 10 minutes per session (± 95 mg; 10-minute protocol) or 3 minutes per session (± 28 mg; 3-minute protocol). BAL fluid (BALF) was obtained under general anesthesia using a bronchoscope within 15 minutes after administration of the last nebulization. Blood was collected within 5 minutes after BALF collection. BALF and serum gentamicin concentrations were determined by particle-enhanced turbidimetric inhibition immunoassay. Concentrations between protocols were compared using a paired t test. RESULTS: Both BALF and serum gentamicin concentrations were higher after the 10-minute protocol compared with the 3-minute protocol (mean ± SD: 2.41 ± 0.87 mg/L vs 1.25 ± 0.31 mg/L, P = .001; and 1.02 ± 0.59 mg/L vs 0.31 ± 0.24 mg/L, P < .0001 in BALF and serum, respectively), while the BALF-to-serum ratio did not differ between the protocols (3.75 [1.37 to 5.75] (median [IQR]) in the 3-minute protocol vs 2.48 [2.02 to 2.67] in the 10-minute protocol; P = .754). CLINICAL RELEVANCE: A 3-minute nebulization of gentamicin seems to achieve sufficient concentrations of gentamicin in the BALF to have good efficacy against aminoglycoside-sensitive bacteria while remaining below the toxic range values in blood.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Evaluation of the “3-minute search and collect” protocol for dog ectoparasite surveys in the domestic-wildlife interface area النص الكامل
2024
Kamyingkird, Ketsarin | Chimnoi, Wissanuwat | Pioch, Florian | Dupont, Sonia | Krieng-Udom, Areeya | Kritiyakan, Anamika | Phimpraphai, Waraphon | de Garine-Wichatitsky, Michel | Kasetsart University [Bangkok, Thailand] (KU) | Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT) | Université de Montpellier (UM) | Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes (UMR ASTRE) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Evaluation of the “3-minute search and collect” protocol for dog ectoparasite surveys in the domestic-wildlife interface area النص الكامل
2024
Kamyingkird, Ketsarin | Chimnoi, Wissanuwat | Pioch, Florian | Dupont, Sonia | Krieng-Udom, Areeya | Kritiyakan, Anamika | Phimpraphai, Waraphon | de Garine-Wichatitsky, Michel | Kasetsart University [Bangkok, Thailand] (KU) | Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT) | Université de Montpellier (UM) | Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes (UMR ASTRE) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Source Agritrop Cirad (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/612069/) | International audience | Background and Aim: Dog ectoparasites are a major concern regarding the emergence of several vector-borne zoonotic diseases associated with domestic dogs. Information on the quantified assessment of ectoparasite collection methods from dogs remains limited. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the ”3-minute method” for col- lecting dog ectoparasites in the human and wildlife border interface in Northern Thailand. Materials and Methods: The ”3-minute method” (TMM) was compared with the bath- ing-combing method (BCM) in 31 domestic dogs in the domestic-wildlife interface area, comprising 4 villages in Nan province, Thailand, from July 2022 to July 2023. All ectopara- sites were collected, and morphological identification was confirmed. The percentage of agreement between TMM and BCM was calculated using Kappa. A seasonal comparison of ectoparasite infestation was conducted using the TMM method. Results: Comparatively, the diversity of ectoparasites collected by TMM was revealed to be similar to the BCM method: ticks (Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Ixodida: Ixodidae), Hae- maphysalis spp. (Ixodida: Ixodidae), Dermacentor spp. (Ixodida: Ixodidae)), fleas (Cten- ocephalides felis orientis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae), Ctenocephalides felis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae)), and lice (Heterodoxus spp. (Phthiraptera: Boopiidae)). More ectoparasites were collected by the BCM than by the TMM method. The average efficiency percentages of TMM and BCM were 12.8% and 87.2%, respectively. The observed percentage agree- ment between BCM and TMM was very good (K = 0.9) for ticks, good (K = 0.7) for fleas, and moderate (K = 0.5) for lice. The diversity of ectoparasites in dogs living in the domestic dogs-wildlife interface area showed that there were 4 species of ectoparasites collected in the dry season compared to 6 species in the rainy season. Conclusion: The fast-body search for 3 minutes is a fast, inexpensive, and effective method for the identification and study of the diversity and abundance of ectoparasites from owned dogs when compared to bathing and combing methods with Amitraz. This method can be used as a non-invasive technique to collect ectoparasites from domesti- cated dogs for further study. Sharing ectoparasites from wildlife to domestic dogs in the domestic-wildlife interface area has reported.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Evaluation of the “3-minute search and collect” protocol for dog ectoparasite surveys in the domestic-wildlife interface area النص الكامل
2024
Kamyingkird, Ketsarin | Chimnoi, Wissanuwat | Pioch, Florian | Dupont, Sonia | Krieng-Udom, Areeya | Kritiyakan, Anamika | Phimpraphai, Waraphon | De Garine-Wichatitsky, Michel
Background and Aim: Dog ectoparasites are a major concern regarding the emergence of several vector-borne zoonotic diseases associated with domestic dogs. Information on the quantified assessment of ectoparasite collection methods from dogs remains limited. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the ”3-minute method” for col- lecting dog ectoparasites in the human and wildlife border interface in Northern Thailand. Materials and Methods: The ”3-minute method” (TMM) was compared with the bath- ing-combing method (BCM) in 31 domestic dogs in the domestic-wildlife interface area, comprising 4 villages in Nan province, Thailand, from July 2022 to July 2023. All ectopara- sites were collected, and morphological identification was confirmed. The percentage of agreement between TMM and BCM was calculated using Kappa. A seasonal comparison of ectoparasite infestation was conducted using the TMM method. Results: Comparatively, the diversity of ectoparasites collected by TMM was revealed to be similar to the BCM method: ticks (Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Ixodida: Ixodidae), Hae- maphysalis spp. (Ixodida: Ixodidae), Dermacentor spp. (Ixodida: Ixodidae)), fleas (Cten- ocephalides felis orientis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae), Ctenocephalides felis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae)), and lice (Heterodoxus spp. (Phthiraptera: Boopiidae)). More ectoparasites were collected by the BCM than by the TMM method. The average efficiency percentages of TMM and BCM were 12.8% and 87.2%, respectively. The observed percentage agree- ment between BCM and TMM was very good (K = 0.9) for ticks, good (K = 0.7) for fleas, and moderate (K = 0.5) for lice. The diversity of ectoparasites in dogs living in the domestic dogs-wildlife interface area showed that there were 4 species of ectoparasites collected in the dry season compared to 6 species in the rainy season. Conclusion: The fast-body search for 3 minutes is a fast, inexpensive, and effective method for the identification and study of the diversity and abundance of ectoparasites from owned dogs when compared to bathing and combing methods with Amitraz. This method can be used as a non-invasive technique to collect ectoparasites from domesti- cated dogs for further study. Sharing ectoparasites from wildlife to domestic dogs in the domestic-wildlife interface area has reported.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Growth inhibitory effect of Leptospermum scoparium (manuka) chloroform extract on breast and liver cancer cell lines النص الكامل
2024
Zharani, Mohammed Al
Growth inhibitory effect of Leptospermum scoparium (manuka) chloroform extract on breast and liver cancer cell lines النص الكامل
2024
Zharani, Mohammed Al
Objective: Research has demonstrated that Leptospermum scoparium possesses various therapeutic benefits. This study set out to determine whether or not L. scoparium extracts had any effect on the ability of HepG2 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells to survive. Materials and Methods: The antiproliferative activity of L. scoparium extracts was explored using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and lactate dehydrogenase assays. The most active fraction was selected to investigate its effects on apoptosis induction using flow cytometry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The constituents of this fraction were characterized using GC-MS analysis. Results: Research demonstrated that the chloroform fraction of L. scoparium (LSCF) significantly impacted the HepG2 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines. Treatment with LSCF led to a notable rise in both early and late apoptotic cells. Furthermore, there was an upregulation in the mRNA levels of P53, Bax, and caspases, while the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA saw a decrease. The analysis of LSCF revealed the primary components to be cis-calamenene, beta-eudesmol, cyclododecane, and alpha-muurolene. Conclusion: The study showed the promising antiproliferative activity of L. scoparium, suggesting its potential application for cancer treatment. Adv. Vet. Anim. Res., 11(2): 237-246, June 2024 http://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2024.k769
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Growth inhibitory effect of Leptospermum scoparium (manuka) chloroform extract on breast and liver cancer cell lines النص الكامل
2024
Mohammed Al-Zharani
Objective: Research has demonstrated that Leptospermum scoparium possesses various thera¬peutic benefits. This study set out to determine whether or not L. scoparium extracts had any effect on the ability of HepG2 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells to survive. Materials and Methods: The antiproliferative activity of L. scoparium extracts was explored using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and lactate dehydrogenase assays. The most active fraction was selected to investigate its effects on apoptosis induction using flow cytometry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The constituents of this fraction were characterized using GC-MS analysis. Results: Research demonstrated that the chloroform fraction of L. scoparium (LSCF) significantly impacted the HepG2 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines. Treatment with LSCF led to a notable rise in both early and late apoptotic cells. Furthermore, there was an upregulation in the mRNA levels of P53, Bax, and caspases, while the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA saw a decrease. The analysis of LSCF revealed the primary components to be cis-calamenene, beta-eudesmol, cyclododecane, and alpha-muurolene. Conclusion: The study showed the promising antiproliferative activity of L. scoparium, suggesting its potential application for cancer treatment. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2024; 11(2.000): 237-246]
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Evidence of zoonotic rickettsiae in ixodid ticks of domestic animals in some communal farms in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa النص الكامل
2024
Adelabu, Olusesan Adeyemi | Iweriebor, Benson Chuks | Obi, Chikwelu Larry
Evidence of zoonotic rickettsiae in ixodid ticks of domestic animals in some communal farms in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa النص الكامل
2024
Adelabu, Olusesan Adeyemi | Iweriebor, Benson Chuks | Obi, Chikwelu Larry
Objective: The abundance of tick populations in South Africa represents a probable risk for both animal and human health. Rickettsia spp. and Borrelia spp. are well-known agents of emerging human tick-borne infectious diseases worldwide. Nevertheless, the epidemiology of their infections has been underreported in South Africa. Therefore, this study aimed to profile zoonotic Rickettsia and Borrelia species from ticks infesting domesticated animals in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Materials and Methods: Morphological and molecular identification techniques were conducted on 1,200 tick samples collected from domestic animals before screening for the target bacterial pathogens. The molecular identification of the tick samples was based on the amplification of the 12S rRNA mitochondrial Deoxyribonucleic acid. At the same time, those of Rickettsia and Borrelia species were carried out by amplifying fragments of gltA and ompB genes for Rickettsia and flaB gene for Borrelia spp. Thereafter, the positive amplicons for Rickettsia ompB were sequenced and further analyzed. Borrelia PCRs were negative; therefore, sequencing could not be performed. Results: Eight species of ticks belonging to three genera; Rhipicephalus, Amblyomma, and Haemaphysalis, were identified. A total of 27% (320/1,200) samples were confirmed positive for Rickettsia, of which 23% (74/320) were positive for ompB genes. Phylogenetic analysis of ompB revealed a high homology to rickettsial reference strains from GenBank, with no positive result for Borrelia. The generated sequences showed homology with R. africae-KX227790 (100%), R. parkeri-KY113111 (99.8%), R. peacockii (99.3%), and R. slovaca-JX683122 (99.1%) representative sequences in GenBank. Conclusion: The findings from this study revealed that ticks harbored Rickettsia species with possible zoonotic potential. Adv. Vet. Anim. Res., 11(2): 254-263, June 2024 http://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2024.k771
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Evidence of zoonotic rickettsiae in ixodid ticks of domestic animals in some communal farms in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa النص الكامل
2024
Olusesan Adeyemi Adelabu | Benson Chuks Iweriebor | Chikwelu Larry Obi
Objective: The abundance of tick populations in South Africa represents a probable risk for both animal and human health. Rickettsia spp. and Borrelia spp. are well-known agents of emerging human tick-borne infectious diseases worldwide. Nevertheless, the epidemiology of their infec¬tions has been underreported in South Africa. Therefore, this study aimed to profile zoonotic Rickettsia and Borrelia species from ticks infesting domesticated animals in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Materials and Methods: Morphological and molecular identification techniques were conducted on 1,200 tick samples collected from domestic animals before screening for the target bacterial pathogens. The molecular identification of the tick samples was based on the amplification of the 12S rRNA mitochondrial Deoxyribonucleic acid. At the same time, those of Rickettsia and Borrelia species were carried out by amplifying fragments of gltA and ompB genes for Rickettsia and flaB gene for Borrelia spp. Thereafter, the positive amplicons for Rickettsia ompB were sequenced and further analyzed. Borrelia PCRs were negative; therefore, sequencing could not be performed. Results: Eight species of ticks belonging to three genera; Rhipicephalus, Amblyomma, and Haemaphysalis, were identified. A total of 27% (320/1,200) samples were confirmed positive for Rickettsia, of which 23% (74/320) were positive for ompB genes. Phylogenetic analysis of ompB revealed a high homology to rickettsial reference strains from GenBank, with no positive result for Borrelia. The generated sequences showed homology with R. africae-KX227790 (100%), R. parkeri-KY113111 (99.8%), R. peacockii (99.3%), and R. slovaca-JX683122 (99.1%) representative sequences in GenBank. Conclusion: The findings from this study revealed that ticks harbored Rickettsia species with possible zoonotic potential. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2024; 11(2.000): 254-263]
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]The effect of Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) fruit extracted with ethanol on TNF-α and TRPA-1 levels in type II diabetes-induced mice النص الكامل
2024
Simbolon, Boyke Marthin | Yulizal, OK | Hutapea, Albert Manggading | Handoko, Erwin
The effect of Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) fruit extracted with ethanol on TNF-α and TRPA-1 levels in type II diabetes-induced mice النص الكامل
2024
Simbolon, Boyke Marthin | Yulizal, OK | Hutapea, Albert Manggading | Handoko, Erwin
Objective: The present study investigated the effects of Andaliman fruit extract on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and transient receptor potential ankyrin-1 (TRPA-1) levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mouse models induced with streptozocin (STZ) and a high-fat diet (HFD). Materials and Methods: In this research, mice were allocated into six distinct groups: normal, negative control (HFD and STZ), positive control (metformin, HFD, and STZ), and three treatment groups (HFD, STZ, and Andaliman extract at varying dosages of 100, 300, and 500 mg/kg, respectively). Body weight and blood glucose levels (BGLs) were recorded at weeks 1 (baseline), 8, 12, and 16. The levels of TNF-α and TRPA-1 were measured during the 16th week. Results: Phytochemical screening of the Andaliman extract revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and glycosides. The one-way ANOVA revealed significantly elevated BGL at week 16 in the negative control group in comparison to the other groups (p < 0.05). The Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Bonferroni-corrected pairwise comparisons showed that the negative control had significantly higher TNF-α levels than the Andaliman-groups (z = 22.11, p < 0.01). TRPA-1 was significantly higher in the negative control group compared to the treatment groups (p < 0.05). Furthermore, Spearman’s rho analysis revealed a statistically significant positive association between BGL and both TNF-α and TRPA-1, as well as between TNF-α and TRPA. Conclusion: Andaliman extract potentially serves as a therapy for diabetic neuropathy in T2DM by lowering BGL and inhibiting the expression of TNF-α and TRPA-1. Adv. Vet. Anim. Res., 11(2): 284-290, June 2024 http://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2024.k774
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]The effect of Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) fruit extracted with ethanol on TNF-α and TRPA-1 levels in type II diabetes-induced mice النص الكامل
2024
Boyke Marthin Simbolon | OK Yulizal | Albert Manggading Hutapea | Erwin Handoko
Objective: The present study investigated the effects of Andaliman fruit extract on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and transient receptor potential ankyrin-1 (TRPA-1) levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mouse models induced with streptozocin (STZ) and a high-fat diet (HFD). Materials and Methods: In this research, mice were allocated into six distinct groups: normal, negative control (HFD and STZ), positive control (metformin, HFD, and STZ), and three treatment groups (HFD, STZ, and Andaliman extract at varying dosages of 100, 300, and 500 mg/kg, respec¬tively). Body weight and blood glucose levels (BGLs) were recorded at weeks 1 (baseline), 8, 12, and 16. The levels of TNF-α and TRPA-1 were measured during the 16th week. Results: Phytochemical screening of the Andaliman extract revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and glycosides. The one-way ANOVA revealed significantly elevated BGL at week 16 in the negative control group in comparison to the other groups (p < 0.05). The Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Bonferroni-corrected pairwise comparisons showed that the negative control had significantly higher TNF-α levels than the Andaliman-groups (z = 22.11, p < 0.01). TRPA-1 was significantly higher in the negative control group compared to the treatment groups (p < 0.05). Furthermore, Spearman's rho analysis revealed a statistically significant positive associ¬ation between BGL and both TNF-α and TRPA-1, as well as between TNF-α and TRPA. Conclusion: Andaliman extract potentially serves as a therapy for diabetic neuropathy in T2DM by lowering BGL and inhibiting the expression of TNF-α and TRPA-1. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2024; 11(2.000): 284-290]
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