Incidences of major feline viral diseases provide basic information for preventing viral disease in cats. Despite the growing interest in feline viral diseases, sero-surveillances have been lacking. In this study, we analyzed the diagnoses of feline viral diseases and conducted a sero surveillance of feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), feline calicivirus (FCV), feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1), and feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) in Korean cats. Of the 204 confirmed cases since 2015, the numbers of diagnoses for FPV, FIPV, FCV, feline influenza virus, and FHV-1 were 156, 32, 12, 3, and 1 case, respectively. In total, 200 sera, collected between 2019 and 2021, were screened for the presence of antibodies against FPV, 2 FCVs, FHV-1, and FIPV using a hemagglutination inhibition test and a virus-neutralizing assay (VNA). The overall seropositive rates in cats tested for FPV, the 2 FCVs, FHV-1, and FIPV were 92.5%. 42.0%, 37.0%, 52.0%, and 14.0%, respectively. A low correlation (r = 0.466) was detected between the VNA titers of 2 FCV strains. The highest incidence and seropositive rate of FPV reveal that FPV is circulating in Korean cats. The low r-value between 2 FCVs suggests that a new feline vaccine containing the 2 kinds of FCVs is required.

A 12-year-old intact male Dalmatian dog presented hyporexia and vomiting for 1 week. Blood analysis revealed increased liver enzyme activity. Histopathological examination of the liver confirmed chronic hepatitis with fibrosis and necrosis. Copper staining revealed marked copper accumulation (2,770 ppm; normal range, 200 to 400 ppm), prominent in the centrilobular region, and compatible with copper-associated chronic hepatitis. However, copper metabolism domain containing 1 (COMMD1) mutation predisposing to copper accumulation in the liver tissue was not identified. The dog received medications but died 1 month after first visit. This is the first case of primary copper-associated hepatitis without COMMD1 mutation in a Dalmatian dog in South Korea.

The study was conducted to add information to the database for concentrate on theBrunner's glands of the duodenum in adult local cows. The histological study showedthat Brunner's glands present in the tunica submucosa of the duodenum in local adultcows, the glands were branched tubuloalveolar secreting mucous, extended from theend of the pylorus to the first and middle third of duodenum, and absent at the lastthird of the duodenum. The excretory ducts of Brunner's glands opened at the cryptsof lieberkuhn at the base of intestinal villi penetrating the muscularis mucosa layer.The statistical analysis showed there was a significant variation in the diameter andlumen of Brunner's glands between the first and middle third of duodenum at (P≤0.05). The diameter and lumen of Brunner's glands at the first third of duodenum werelower than that of the middle third of duodenum. The statistical study showed , thatthere was no significant variation of the lining epithelium of Brunner's glands betweenfirst and middle third of duodenum, and there was no significant variation in thethickness of Brunner's glands aggregation between first and middle third of theduodenum.The histochemical study revealed that there were different types of glycoprotein inBrunner's glands and excretory duct in local adult cows, at first third of duodenumBrunner's glands contain a large amount of neutral glycoprotein and little amount ofacidic glycoprotein, while at middle third of duodenum the Brunner's glands containthe same amount of neutral and acidic glycoprotein. At the first third of duodenum,the excretory ducts of Brunner's glands contain neutral glycoprotein more than acidicglycoprotein, while at the middle third of duodenum the excretory ducts of Brunner's glands contain a large amount of acidic glycoprotein and little amount of neutralglycoprotein.

The study was conducted from September 2018 to April 2019, A total of 350chicken samples were examined from different areas of the Basrah province for thediagnosis of ectoparasites and 154 chickens were infected with ectoparasites. Fourspecies of lice were isolated, which were Menacanthus cornutus, Menacanthusstramineus, Menacanthus pallidulus, Menapon gallinae and one species of mitewhich was Dermanyssus gallinae. The experimental study was carried out toeliminate the ectoparasites where 24 chickens were purchased and placed in the fieldof the faculty of agriculture. The chickens were divided into 3 groups. First group wasthe control group and the second group was infected with ectoparasites and the thirdgroup was infected with ectoparasites which was sprayed with garlic extract at aconcentration of 10%. Ten days later, the blood parameters were measured for thethree groups where the blood parameters of the group treated with garlic extract wereclose to the blood parameters of the control groupand show significant different(P<0.05).INTRODUCTION

The current research included examination of 100 fecal sample from bovine wascollected from AL-Qadisiyah province, from September 2018 until February 2019.TheMicroscopically result showed that oval or spherical shaped with dark pink color or redoocyst on blue ground and 30(30%) positive sample out 100 case . It was recorded thatthe maximum rate 41.66% (5/12) was seen in November, but the lowest rate 18.75%(3/16) was seen in the month of February with no significant differences at level(p<0.05.) According to age the maximum rate of incidence 40%(14/35)was found inthe age group lower than a month, but the lowest incidence was seen in the group( >1years). There is no significant differences at p<0.05.between male and female. In thecurrently study the N-PCR in molecular investigation were used ,the positive samplewas18 (60%) out of 30 fecal sample. Sequencing of a fragment of the(18s rRNA) gene(834 bp) that separated from many distinct area in AL- Qadisiyah governmentrecorded (50%)6/12 sample related to NCBI – Blast Cryptosporidium parvum ,( 33.33%)4/12 sample display deep related to NCBI –Blast Cryptosporidium bovis (this firststudy reported C. bovis in Iraq ) , (16.66%) 2/12 sample showed closed related to NCBI–Blast Cryptosporidiumandersoni.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease involving improperly high blood glucose level, hyperlipidemia and hypoinsulinemia. The aim of current study is to assess and compare the influence of Quercus infectoria galls (QIg) extract and glimepiride on pancreatic β-cells secretory function and serum lipid profile in diabetic rats. In the present study, thirty six male rats were used and divided into six groups (n=6), including negative control, STZ induced diabetic control, treated diabetic rats with glimepiride (200mg/Kg Bw), and treated diabetic rats with different concentrations QIg extract, 200 mg, 400 mg and 800 mg/Kg Bw for 42 days, respectively. At the end of the experiment, all rats were fasted overnight, blood samples were collected for measuring fasting blood glucose, insulin hormone and lipid profile. All rats were then scarified by using chloroform in order to take part of the pancreatic tissue. The results show a significant decrease in blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, HbA1c% with obvious elevation in serum insulin hormone and high-density lipoprotein in diabetic rats treated with QIg extract and glimepiride compared with diabetic untreated group. In addition, high atherogenic index in diabetic rats was significantly reduced by different concentrations of QIg extract and glimepiride. Histopathogical results revealed that there was a significant and dose-dependent morphological restoration in the pancreatic structure damages especially at high dose of the extract. These findings provide a new insight into the role of QIg methanolic extract in maintaining normal blood glucose and adequate pancreatic insulin hormone secretion in diabetic rats, amelioration of dyslipidemia and associated cardiovascular alterations with subsequent improvement in pancreatic structural damages in diabetic rats.

Fasciolosis is disease caused by a liver worm called Fasciola  is one of the dangerous parasites that affects the livestock specially sheep are wide spread in many countries of the world including some Arab countries. This worm attacks animals such as cows, buffaloes, camels, horses, donkeys, sheep, goats and rabbits that feed on grass and plants. The worms inhabit the bile ducts in the liver of humans and animals and they multiply and spread in all tissues causing many damages and risks to public health and great losses in animal production Therefore we will present the detailed aspects of this disease its classification and description of species symptoms methods of infection life cycle, epidemiology pathological diagnosis of prevention

Glanders caused by Burkholderia mallei infected mainly the Equidae and it is really fatal zoonosis. It was known since ancient times. The horses, mules, and donkeys can get infection by skin abrasion, and during direct contact between animals or with water instruments, also the bacterium can be found in the soil. Since the disease was eradicated from most of the developed world, Glanders is endemic in several countries surrounding Iraq and other related regions of the middle east. Regardless a limited space of Glanders free regions when they're no cases of Glanders can be detected by sensitive and specific tests, the disease can appears as reemerge infection in those places, and that interfere with control, monitoring and strategies for prevention, so the reviewing of disease with special interest on Iraq and surrounding countries have an important.

External egg traits like egg length, breadth, shape index, volume and surface area play important roles for egg hatching, embryo growth, and chick survival. 313 fertilized eggs were collected from three genetic lines of Japanese quail named (white, brown, and gray) in four collected ages (57, 64, 71, and 78) days. After collecting the traits were measured by using electronic balance (0.001gm.) sensitivity, and caliper vernier (0.01 mm.). The data show significant differences between some traits and some of them differ with the age of birds and the interaction between the genetic lines and age of collecting eggs. Our results conclude there were significant differences between the three genetic lines on egg external traits and between the collecting age and their infarctions. May its helpful for future studies to establish lines special for egg production, or to make studies on molecular levels.

This study was done in three stations the Darbandikhan dam with GPS Coordination of this station 35°7’16’’N (Latitude) 45°43’18’’ E (Longitude), Sirwan River located in 35°7’17’’N; 45°50’54’’ E and Tanjaro River Side with GPS Coordination of Tanjaro River Site sample location details 35°14’22’’N; 45°51’58’’ E to study the heavy metals contamination in water and selected organs of carp lived in these three locations and for six months. The studied heavy metals include Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu, Co and Cr analyzed by ICP-OES (Spectro acros). The bioaccumulation levels of heavy metals by passing time in the liver of the fishes is significant P≤0.05 for all the studied heavy metals. Hg was higher significantly P≤0.05 in November 2021 and January 2022. Cd in October 2021. Pb in October 2021. Cu in September 2021. Co in September 2021. The Hg concentrations in common carp liver were higher significantly P≤0.05 in Sirwan station, the Co and Cu were higher significantly P≤0.05 in Darbandikhan dam fish, the Pb and Cd were higher in Sirwan and Tanjaro fish liver. In most months the bioaccumulation of Hg in fish gills is below the detectable level except for November 2021 which was higher and January 2022 which was lower significantly. Cd was significantly P≤0.05 higher in August 2021, the Pb in each of September and October 2021. The Cu was higher in November 2021, and the Co in October 2021. Pb was higher significantly P≤0.05 in each Sirwan and Tanjaro. Cu increased significantly P≤0.05 in Sirwan and Darbandikhan dams. Due to the annual mortality of fish in Darbandikhan, Sirwan and Tanjaro river the present research done in order to detect the main reasons of water pollution with some heavy metals and its relation to fish mortality and detect the levels of some heavy metals in some fish organs.