Investigations of the proteolytic Gram Negative Psychrotrophs(GNP) bacteria was the basal objective of this study. A conventional diagnostic PCR technique based on three pairs of primers including SerAgeneto amplify an 950 bp fragment of Acinetobacter sppDNA,serAgene for/A. hydrophila ( 650bp): and aprgene for/S. marcescens (500bps) was done.In the present study the 29 bacterial isolates obtained from 100 cows raw milk samples were collected randomly from healthy cows with different age and breed present in different farms of Thi-Qar province, previously refrigerated for 72 hr. These isolates subjected to cultural-based enrichment and PCR- based identification .The present results revealed that the raw milk GNP contamination overall ratio was 29% . Acinetobacter spp were the most predominant bacteria (16%) among the studied GNP contaminants, while A.hydrophila appeared in a ratio of 7% and S. marcescens showed the lower ratio ( 6%). ,the results of the studied genes product of GNP bacteria was considered to be highly statistically significant (P>0.001).The distribution of studied GNP according to age ,parturition number and breed of studied animals was investigated. The effect of these factors on the PCR-based identification results was considered to be not statistically significant(P>0.05) however, the higher overall ratio(29.1%) for cow raw milk contamination was observed in raw milk of cows between

 This study was conducted to elevated the ethanol and methanol of Salixa acmophyllaextraction on bacteria Staphylococcus aureus isolated from skin wound of cattle, about100(66.66%)from 150 sample isolated , and made the biochemical test , also sensitivity ofantibiotic .The loaded antibiotic discs namely: gentamicin (CN-10 µg), levofloxacin(LEV -5µg), amoxicillin (Ax -25 µg) , tetracycline (TE -30 µg),vancomycin(30µg),erythromycin (25µg)and streptomycin(25 µg) were placed on thesurface of the medium and left for 30 min at room temperature for complete diffusion. Theplates were incubated for 24 hrs. at 37°C. also made antimicrobial against isolatedbacteria disk diffusion techniques , Minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) with differentconcentration of plant extracts (25mg /ml ,50 mg/ml, 100 mg/ml, 150 mg/ml, 200 mg /mland 300, . Minimum bacterial concentration (MBC) by Macro-dilution broth method weredone . Anti-inflammation test albumin denaturation Maximum inhibition in case ofethanol extract about (65.25±1.2 %) and in methanol extract about (58.135±1.23) wasobserved at concentration 300 µg/ml., Aspirin, a standard anti-inflammatory drug showedthe maximum inhibition ، (67.35±0.56%) at the concentration of (100µg/ml ) 

The Staphylococcus aureus responsible for intramammary infection in bovine andis the main etiological agent of clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy herds. In thisstudy a total of 64 Staphylococcus aureus strain obtained from 112 samples from mastitiscow (57.14%). S. aureus strain were identified phenotypically and further characterizedgenotypically by polymerase chain reaction PCR. Amplification of genes encodingspecific species for S. aureus(Sau), clumping factor (ctfA), thermonuclease (Nuc) and thegene segment encoding the immunoglobulin G binding region of protein A gene spa. Theamplification of Sau gene produce amplicon in a molecular size proximally 530bp in allstrain, the produce amplicon in a molecular size proximally size 980 bp in ctfA gene(73.43%) andImmunoglobulin G binding region of spa gene produce amplicon in a sizeproximally 950 bp was observed in 43 and 3 strain amplicon in a size proximally 390 bp(71.87%). The thermonuclease gene the amplicon in a size proximally 279 bp with(90.62%). After that methicillin resistance (MRSA) were detected in a percentage(21.87%), all of these strain of MRSA contain all virulence genes.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietaryfructooligosaccharide (FOS) on some blood indices of common carp Cyprinus carpio. Thefingerlings were adopted for 2 weeks and then reared in triplicate groups in 9 tanks (four fishper tank with average initial weights of (40 ± 3 g). Fish fed experimental diets containingdifferent levels of fructooligosaccharide (FOS); (7.5 and 10 g FOS/kg diet) to apparentsatiation twice a day for 10 weeks. The results showed significantly differences in Red bloodcell count (1012 cells/dl) in T2. Hemoglobin (g/dl) data was 11.597 in the control. The meancorpuscular hemoglobin (pg/cell) was 63.333 in control, 56.033 in T21 and 52.100 in T2;mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (g/l) was 28.100 in the T1; mean corpuscularvolume were (fL) 215.950 in control. White blood cell (109 cells/dl) data was (112.350) forcontrol; granulocyte % was (15.050) in control; Lymphocyte % was (82.750) for control;Platelets % was (56.500) in T2 and monocyte % was (13.300) in T1.

The Alpha- hemolysin, produced by Proteus mirabilis PMBS41 grown in a chemical definedmedium was purified 9.77 fold with a yield (14.90 %) . Alpha-hemolysin was estimate themolecular weight which was shown to be 88,750KD by using gel filtration chromatography usingSepharose -6B and 109.64 KD by using SDS-electrophoresis and exhibited an optimum temperatureof 35 and 40°C, and pH optimas at 8.0. Whereas hemolysin reserve a full of its activity at a pH 8and a temperature at 25° - 30°C.Molecular dectection was done by using specific primer to eachHpmA and HpmB genes that encode for Hemolysin as a virulence factor of proteus mirabilis byusing MPCR and electrophoresis technique.The PCR assay results identified (53) isolate possessed hpmA and hpmB genes of the proteusmirabilis bacteria diagnosed , This explains the blood analysis of all pathogenic bacterial isolates butwith different ratio and the importance of PCR in detection of virulence of proteus mirabilis inclinical urine samples of urinary tract infection (UTI) .

The experiment was conducted in the fish laboratory of Animal Production Department, Facultyof agricultural sciences, University of Sulaimaniya in Kurdistan region of Iraq for the period from25/07/2015 to 15/10/2015. Starting with a period of the acclimatization for 21 days, to test theefficiency of using commercial dry yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as alternative protein source toanimal protein concentrate (APC) used in the manufacturing of diets for common carp Cyprinuscarpio L. by using 90 fish of common carp C. carpioat weights ranged 22-42 gm. Divided into 15groups distributed at randomly on 15 plastic ponds by five treatments with three replicates pertreatmentthetreatments contain different levels from APC and yeast S.cerevisiae as below: Firsttreatment (Control T1) 100% APC/ 0.00% yeast S. cerevisiae,second treatment (T2) 75% APC/25% yeast S. cerevisiae, third treatment (T3) 50% APC/ 50% yeast S. cerevisiae, forth treatment(T4) 25% APC/ 75% yeast S. cerevisiae, fifth treatment (T4) 0.00% APC/ 100% yeast S.cerevisiae. T5 was significantly differences (P≤0.05) in counts red blood cells RBC as comparedwith other treatments, T4 was significantly differences (P≤0.05) Packed Cell Volume (PCV) ascompared to the other treatments ,also treatments T3, T2 and T4 significantly increase (P≤0.05) inmean concentration of hemoglobin (MCHC) as compared to the other treatments,T2 wassignificantly increase (P≤0.05) in white blood cells counts WBC and granulocytes percentage ascompared to the other treatments ,also treatments T2 and T3 significantly increase (P≤0.05) inmonocytes percentage as compared to other treatments.The results of blood serum showed that T2 significant improvement (P≤0.05) inthe level of Cholesterol concentration as compared to the othertreatments, significant improvement (P≤0.05) in the level of Triglyceride concentration for T2 ascompared with T1 and T5, T3 was significantly improvement (P≤0.05) in High-density lipoproteins(HDL) as compared to the other treatments, significantly improvement (P≤0.05) in low-densitylipoproteins concentration LDL for othertreatments as compared with T1.

Total of (104) urine samples were collected from patients suffering from urinarytract infection with different age groups from five hospitals in Baghdad (Ibn-Albalady, Al Yarmouk, Medical city, Baghdad hospital and Al-Kandy) from theperiod of the beginning of September 2015 to the end of December 2015.All sampleswere examined by traditional methods based on cultural characteristics, biochemicaltest and API 20 strep. The results revealed 50 isolates to Enterococcus and this wasconfirmed by polymerase chain reaction technique (PCR) based on amplification ofspecies specific genes. PCR were performed for E.faecalis and E.faecium in order toconfirm the presence of EfaA genes which code for Enterococcus faecalisendocarditis antigen using specific primer for gene.The results showed thatEnterococcus contain a proportion of 100% of EfaA.Biofilm production was detectedin E.faecalis and E.faecium by using two methods: Congo red agar method andmicrotiter plate method.Our results show that22(44%) of Enterococcus isolates werestrong biofilm production,25(50%)as moderate and 3(6%) as week biofilm productionby use Congo red method.In microtiter plate method, our results show that 20(40%) ofbacterial isolates were detected as strong, 26(52%) as moderate and 4(8%) as weekbiofilm production. This study aims todiagnosis of E.faecalis and E.faecium fromurinary tract infection of patients by traditional and molecular methods, detection ofEfaA gene and its role in biofilm production.

The present study which include the demonstration of estrogen and progesteronereceptors and demonstration of CD34 protein in placenta of pregnant sheep. Twentyone placenta from pregnant sheep were used in the present study. Theimmunohistochemical study of CD34 protein as marker for vascularization appear atday (27) few distribution in stroma of villi While at day (50) of gestation high densityof CD34 protein in And also showed at day (120) high density. The estrogen receptorshowed colour by kit at day (27) normal distribution in trophoblast cell of villusepithelium and not present in binucleate cell While at day (50) high density ofestrogen receptor was showed ,And also at day (120) show high density of estrogen.The immunohistochemical study of progesterone receptor as appear at day (27)normal distribution in trophoblast cell of placentome and not present in binucleate cellWhile at day (50) high density, and also at day (120) .

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is an endemic disease in Iraq and it is become epidemic inNassirriyah city recently . the current study has reported high rate of infection amongpopulation at any age and gender , location or occupation . males have recorded highinfection compared with female and also there is some differences among age of patientswith Baghdad boil .The following histopathological study were achieved in cancer research unit for collegeof Medicine at University of Thiqar, targeting Nassiriyah city in south of Iraq whereBaghdad boil is highly distributed during the period of during the period from August 2015to April 2016. several of tissue (skin) biopsies were obtained by dermatologist understerilizing condition and at Al-Hussain teaching hospital where the patients have enteredfor treatment . the result explain the following changing :(1) Granuloma like associated with several layers of vaculated cells filled with parasitearound it(2) Dermal areas of chronic granulomatous inflammation mainly formed by vaculatedmacrophages filled with parasite .(3) Epidermis with keratinization and vaculated prickle cells undered it vaculatedmacrophages with parasite.521(4) Small granuloma and area of granulamatous inflammatory reaction mostly formedby vaculated macrophages with parasites , few lymphocytes present between themacrophages.(5) Nest like of vaculated macrophages associated with dermal infiltration oflymphocytes .

Canine tapeworm Taenia hydatigena larval stage is also called Cysticercustenuicollis (C. tenuicollis). This cystic stage was reported in domestic and wildruminants worldwide. It is one of the common parasites of small ruminants inIraq. The omenta, the mesenteries, and liver are the usual locations of C.tenuicollis. This article tends to describe a case report of the uncommon locationsof the T. hydatigenacysticerci in pregnant goat. In this case, large (7 cm length X5 cm width) C. tenuicollis cyst was found on the body surface of the 4 monthspregnant uterus of local goat as well as inside the fetal allantoic cavity (chorionallantoicmembrane). The cyst-like channels with a mass of fibrin anderythrocytes were the most characteristic histopathological lesion THAT observedon the uterine wall. However, slight degeneration changes seen on the fetus andthe C. tenuicollis vesicle located adjacent to the placentomes. In conclusion, thisstudy approved the deviant situation of C. tenuicollis cyst on fetus membranesand over the pregnant uterus surface. These locations explain the probability oflarval migrations into the fetal body during pregnancy.