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Morphological and cytological characters for defining Stevia ‘Honeyleaf’ tetraploids | Морфологические и цитологические признаки определения тетраплоидов стевии медовой | Морфологічні та цитологічні ознаки визначення тетраплоїдів стевії медової النص الكامل
2015
Цвігун, Г. В.
Purpose. Determination of peculiarities of anatomical and morphological characters of stevia plants to accelerate the identification of tetraploid forms. Methods. Field, laboratory and analysis-of-variance methods. Results. It was established that larger leaf area index (19–38%), fewer stomata per unit area (by 39–48%), larger diameter of pollen grains (by 42–92%) is a characteristic feature of anatomical and morphological characters of stevia tetraploid forms as compared to diploid ones. Conclusions. The parameters of leaf plate, the size of stomata and diameter of pollen grains are auxiliary selection criteria (rapid test). For tetraploid forms of stevia, leaf area index (the ratio of leaf blade length to width), size of stomata and diameter of pollen grains is truly larger as compared to diploid forms. Chromosomes number determination based on cytological analysis is the major and the most accurate criterion for selection of tetraploid forms, that seems advisable to use it at later stages of selection. | Цель. Определить особенности анатомо-морфологических признаков растений стевии для ускорения идентификации тетраплоидных форм. Методы. Полевой, лабораторный и метод дисперсионного анализа. Результаты. Установлено, что характерной особенностью анатомо-морфологических признаков тетраплоидных форм стевии по сравнению с диплоидными является больший листовой индекс (19–38%), меньшее количество устьиц на единицу площади (на 39–48%), больший диаметр пыльцевых зерен (на 42–92%). Выводы. Вспомогательными критериями отбора (экспресс-метод) являются параметры листовой пластинки, размеры устьиц и диаметр пыльцы. У тетраплоидных форм стевии листовой индекс (отношение длины к ширине листовой пластинки), а также размер устьиц и диаметр пыльцы являются достоверно большими по сравнению с диплоидными формами. Основным и самым точным критерием отбора тетраплоидных форм является определение количества хромосом на основе цитологического анализа, что целесообразно использовать на более поздних этапах отбора. | Мета. Визначити особливості анатомо-морфологічних ознак рослин стевії для прискорення ідентифікації тетраплоїдних форм. Методи. Польовий, лабораторний і метод дисперсійного аналізу. Результати. Встановлено, що характерною особливістю анатомо-морфологічних ознак тетраплоїдних форм стевії порівняно з диплоїдними є більший листковий індекс (19–38%), менша кількість продихів на одиниці площі (на 39–48%), більший діаметр пилкових зерен (на 42–92%). Висновки. Допоміжними критеріями добору (експрес-метод) є параметри листкової пластинки, розміри продихів і діаметр пилку. У тетраплоїдних форм стевії листковий індекс (відношення довжини до ширини листкової пластинки), а також розмір продихів і діаметр пилку є достовірно більшими порівняно з диплоїдними формами. Основним і найточнішим критерієм добору тетраплоїдних форм є визначення кількості хромосом на основі цитологічного аналізу, що доцільно використовувати на пізніших етапах добору.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Summarizing 60 years of apple breeding effort (Malus domestica Borkh) النص الكامل
2013
Седов, Є. М | Серова, З. М
Summarizing 60 years of apple breeding effort (Malus domestica Borkh) النص الكامل
2013
Седов, Є. М | Серова, З. М
The paper highlights results of 60 years of apple breeding activity at the All-Russian Research Institute for Fruit Crop Breeding of RAAS (former Orel Zonal Fruit-Berry Experimental Station). Major selection effort has been applied to apple breeding for higher contents of ascorbic acid and P-active substances in fruit. A pattern of the inheritance of biologically active substances in apple fruits is shown. First time in Russia a large-scale selection has taken place for the purpose of developing domestic scab immune apple varieties (Vf). 20 scab immune varieties have been created and included into the State Register. First time in Russia and in the world a range of triploid apple varieties have been developed through directed diverse chromosome crossings 2x x 4x and 4x x 2x.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Summarizing 60 years of apple breeding effort (Malus domestica Borkh) النص الكامل
2013
Є. М. Седов | З. М. Серова
The paper highlights results of 60 years of apple breeding activity at the All-Russian Research Institute for Fruit Crop Breeding of RAAS (former Orel Zonal Fruit-Berry Experimental Station). Major selection effort has been applied to apple breeding for higher contents of ascorbic acid and P-active substances in fruit. A pattern of the inheritance of biologically active substances in apple fruits is shown. First time in Russia a large-scale selection has taken place for the purpose of developing domestic scab immune apple varieties (Vf ). 20 scab immune varieties have been created and included into the State Register. First time in Russia and in the world a range of triploid apple varieties have been developed through directed diverse chromosome crossings 2x x 4x and 4x x 2x.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Morphological and cytological characters for defining Stevia ‘Honeyleaf’ tetraploids النص الكامل
2015
Г. В. Цвігун
Morphological and cytological characters for defining Stevia ‘Honeyleaf’ tetraploids النص الكامل
2015
Г. В. Цвігун
Purpose. Determination of peculiarities of anatomical and morphological characters of stevia plants to accelerate the identification of tetraploid forms. Methods. Field, laboratory and analysis-of-variance methods. Results. It was established that larger leaf area index (19–38%), fewer stomata per unit area (by 39–48%), larger diameter of pollen grains (by 42–92%) is a characteristic feature of anatomical and morphological characters of stevia tetraploid forms as compared to diploid ones. Conclusions. The parameters of leaf plate, the size of stomata and diameter of pollen grains are auxiliary selection criteria (rapid test). For tetraploid forms of stevia, leaf area index (the ratio of leaf blade length to width), size of stomata and diameter of pollen grains is truly larger as compared to diploid forms. Chromosomes number determination based on cytological analysis is the major and the most accurate criterion for selection of tetraploid forms, that seems advisable to use it at later stages of selection.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Morphological and cytological characters for defining Stevia ‘Honeyleaf’ tetraploids النص الكامل
2015
Цвігун, Г. В
Purpose. Determination of peculiarities of anatomical and morphological characters of stevia plants to accelerate the identification of tetraploid forms. Methods. Field, laboratory and analysis-of-variance methods. Results. It was established that larger leaf area index (19–38%), fewer stomata per unit area (by 39–48%), larger diameter of pollen grains (by 42–92%) is a characteristic feature of anatomical and morphological characters of stevia tetraploid forms as compared to diploid ones. Conclusions. The parameters of leaf plate, the size of stomata and diameter of pollen grains are auxiliary selection criteria (rapid test). For tetraploid forms of stevia, leaf area index (the ratio of leaf blade length to width), size of stomata and diameter of pollen grains is truly larger as compared to diploid forms. Chromosomes number determination based on cytological analysis is the major and the most accurate criterion for selection of tetraploid forms, that seems advisable to use it at later stages of selection.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]