Визначено рівні індивідуальної мінливості елементів технологічної якості коренеплодів у популяцій запилювачів урожайного і цукристого напрямів добору уладівської селекції. На основі генетично статистичних параметрів сформовано групу з кращих генотипів для подальшого селекційного опрацювання. Популяції У 1948-Z та У 752-E придатні для рекурентної селекції на покращання технологічної якості сировини.

The drought-resistance of 15 nectarine varieties and forms with a sign of male infertility is studied. The research identified genotypes with varying degrees of drought-resistance. The greatest degree of drought-resistance demonstrated the form 33-3-1, 512-86,41-15-2, and grade Kul'dzhinskiy 4x, Krymtsuht, Elbertaziya.

Diversity of sweet cheery varieties introduced on the in a steppe zone of the Crimea has been studied and 47 specimens perspective for breeding work on the following characteristics as blossom and ripening, yield capacity, fruit size, frost resistance, resistance to disease have been selected.

The perspective hybrid forms between genus Prunus persica (L.) Batch and Prunus amygdalus Batsch, having high ornamental qualities and high resistance to Sphaerotheca pannosa (L v.) var. persicae Woronich., Taphrina deformans (Berk.) Tul., Clasterosporium carpophilum (L. v) Aderh., Monilia cinerea Bonord. have been obtained for using in breeding of peach and nectarine varieties and their rootstocks.

The article highlights economical value pf durra as important energetic crop, as well as the dynamics of sown areas and replenishment ofvarietal resource market with hybrids of durra. Also, it shows timeliness of the crop sowing under conditions of warming climate and increase of aridity of plant production.

Stabilizing (centripetal) breeding produced donor of short stem characteristic for winter rye (Secale cereale L.) with height of plants ranging from cm 50 to 60. Distribution curve of plant's height remained symmetric with cummulation of frequencies at central classes (leptokurtic). For the first time, designation for new allele of short-stem gene HI-2HI-2 and donor name Gnome 2 was suggested. Gnome 2 was found to have direct genetic correlation of plant height with number of flowers in the ear, length of the ear, weight of 100 seeds from the plant, as well as reverse correlation with ear density and weight of kernels from the ear.

The article reflects the progress of genetic decrease of Rye F 3k- 10029/ Saratovske (Саратовське) 4 height by means of the shortest stem plants selection during the period from 1974 to 2010. 37 years selection of the shortest- stern genotypes decreased the plants height from 119.33 cm to 22.57cm. Targeted selection into minus direction decreased the plants height in 5,29 times on the background of the dominant HI expression. In average, the height of plants in the course of 27 breeding cycles were decreasing by 2.69 cm, but that was not going gradually. A new donor Gnom 3 had been created for ultra short-stem trait of the Winter Rye, with the marking of alleles HI-3HI-3. Relative influence on the minus selection efficiency has been established by height of plants for the selection differential (38%) and coefficient of inheritance in narrow sense (14,56%). Realized efficiency of selection in decrease of winter rye height in 72,08% of cases corresponded to predicted hit ration of the breeding. Analyzes of genetic and statistical parameters and correlation clusters of 11 utilitarian average characteristics of ultra short- stem rye Gnom 3 for the period of 1974 to 2010 has been performed.

Вивчено за 11 ознаками технологічної якості емпіричний розподіл частот генотипів, проведено його порівняння з кривою генетично статистичного розподілу. Виявлено наявність переважно правосторонньої асиметрії і позитивного ексцесу за більшістю ознак (вміст іонів Na+, α-N, доброякісність соку, втрата цукру в мелясі, вихід меляси, МВ-фактор) і лівосторонньої асиметрії за вмістом іонів K+ та сухої речовини. Відібрано рослини з популяцій цукристого У 1948-Z та урожайного У 752-Е типів для формування генетичних джерел ознак покращеної технологічної якості коренеплодів буряку цукрового.

Dynamics of technological and sowing indexes of grain of wheat winter-annual kinds of Natsionalna, Stolichna, Artemis in the course of long-term storage is studied. It is positioned that the best sowing indexes throughout all shelf-life the kind of Stolichna, and technological had a kind of Natsionalna. The optimum shelf-life of grain of investigated kinds has compounded six months.