The brief biographical information and the results of industrial and biological study of fruit crops varieties in steppe zone of the Crimea have been given. Widely spread varieties for industrial, collective and private orchards in Ukraine studied by V.V. Danylenko have been given. The main published workes of V.V. Danylenko have been given.

The brief biographical information and the results of industrial and biological study of fruit crops varieties in steppe zone of the Crimea have been given. Widely spread varieties for industrial, collective and private orchards in Ukraine studied by V.V. Danylenko have been given. The main published workes of V.V. Danylenko have been given.

The article reflects the progress of genetic decrease of Rye F 3k- 10029/ Saratovske (Саратовське) 4 height by means of the shortest stem plants selection during the period from 1974 to 2010. 37 years selection of the shortest- stern genotypes decreased the plants height from 119.33 cm to 22.57cm. Targeted selection into minus direction decreased the plants height in 5,29 times on the background of the dominant HI expression. In average, the height of plants in the course of 27 breeding cycles were decreasing by 2.69 cm, but that was not going gradually. A new donor Gnom 3 had been created for ultra short-stem trait of the Winter Rye, with the marking of alleles HI-3HI-3. Relative influence on the minus selection efficiency has been established by height of plants for the selection differential (38%) and coefficient of inheritance in narrow sense (14,56%). Realized efficiency of selection in decrease of winter rye height in 72,08% of cases corresponded to predicted hit ration of the breeding. Analyzes of genetic and statistical parameters and correlation clusters of 11 utilitarian average characteristics of ultra short- stem rye Gnom 3 for the period of 1974 to 2010 has been performed.

Abstract The entomopathogenic genus Ophiocordyceps includes a highly diverse group of fungal species, predominantly parasitizing insects in the orders Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera. However, other insect orders are also parasitized by these fungi, for example the Blattodea (termites and cockroaches). Despite their ubiquity in nearly all environments insects occur, blattodeans are rarely found infected by filamentous fungi and thus, their ecology and evolutionary history remain obscure. In this study, we propose a new species of Ophiocordyceps infecting the social cockroaches Salganea esakii and S. taiwanensis, based on 16 years of collections and field observations in Japan, especially in the Ryukyu Archipelago. We found a high degree of genetic similarity between specimens from different islands, infecting these two Salganea species and that this relationship is ancient, likely not originating from a recent host jump. Furthermore, we found that Ophiocordyceps lineages infecting cockroaches evolved around the same time, at least twice, one from beetles and the other from termites. We have also investigated the evolutionary relationships between Ophiocordyceps and termites and present the phylogenetic placement of O. cf. blattae. Our analyses also show that O. sinensis could have originated from an ancestor infecting termite, instead of beetle larvae as previously proposed.

In the article are submitted of bioenergy developments in the world and is provided rating of various types of plants for use in the fitoertergetics. Expresd one’s opinion about criteria descriptions of varieties relatively fitoenergetic using.

In the article are submitted of bioenergy developments in the world and is provided rating of various types of plants for use in the fitoertergetics. Expresd one’s opinion about criteria descriptions of varieties relatively fitoenergetic using.

The article researched genetic potential, morpho-biological characteristics and features of new varieties of winter wheat varieties of semi-dwarf and short-stem types. It was established that new generation of such varieties displayed improved architectonic of plants, as well as a complex of morphological and economical value chararacteristics and features, combined high genetic potential of productivity with good adopting features, and short stem with high resistance to drowning, and generated higher crop capacity compared to conventional mid-ripening varieties.

Purpose. Developing technology for clonal micropropagation of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) plants of Ukrainian breeding based on the complex of methods of isolated tissue and organ culture in vitro. Methods. During the experiment, such methods as isolated tissue and organ culture in vitro, clonal micropropagation, detached scion grafting, chemotherapy with adding of virucide Ribavirin to the nutrient medium, biometric and statistical ones were used. Results. The stepped procedure of sterilization that we have developed allows to receive 88–100% of sterile explants. For M. piperita L. introduction into culture and clonal micropropagation, Murashige and Skoog (MS) nut­rient medium appeared to be optimal supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (0.75 mg/l), adenine (0.05 mg/l), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) (0.05 mg/l) and gibberellic acid (0.5 mg/l) on which the reproduction ratio on the 28th day ranged between 1:7 and 1:15. For recovery of plants from viral infection, virucide Ribavirin at concentration of 10 mg/l was added to the nutrient medium. The proposed nutrient medium for rhizogenesis, that contained IAA (0.5 mg/l) and indole butyric acid (IBA) (0.5 mg/l), allows to obtain the frequency of rhizogenesis up to 84–100%. Regenerated plants were adapted to the conditions in vivo on substrate peat : universal soil : perlite : sand in the ratio 2:1:1:1. The survival rate for peppermint varieties amounted to 96–100%. Conclusions. Biotechnological scheme was developed that permits to get healthy, purebred planting material and intensively propagate plants for supplying breeding programs of the Experimental Station for Medicinal Plants of the Institute of Agroecology and Environmental Management of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, among which such varieties as ‘Lebedyna pisnia’ and ‘Ukrainska pertseva’ were selected as the most promising for clonal micropropagation.

Capitalistic relations were contributing to origination of research breeding during the second half of ХІХ Century. Breeding and seed companied were starting to emerge in Europe in the middle of ХІХ Century. Most famous among them were Velmoren, Depre, Turner (France), Rabbetge and Gizeke (Kleinvantsleben), Dippe und Shriber (Germany) and other.

Capitalistic relations were contributing to origination of research breeding during the second half of ХІХ Century. Breeding and seed companied were starting to emerge in Europe in the middle of ХІХ Century. Most famous among them were Velmoren, Depre, Turner (France), Rabbetge and Gizeke (Kleinvantsleben), Dippe und Shriber (Germany) and other.

The results of first varietal study of 7 new genotypes of Prunus cerasifera Ehrh., bred in Nikitsky Botanical Gardens, with male sterility and one similar introduced variety 'Puntsovy' have been given. The value and defects have been marked. Their practical use in selection work and in nurseries has been suggested.

The results of first varietal study of 7 new genotypes of Prunus cerasifera Ehrh., bred in Nikitsky Botanical Gardens, with male sterility and one similar introduced variety 'Puntsovy' have been given. The value and defects have been marked. Their practical use in selection work and in nurseries has been suggested.

Results of studying of biometric parametres of trees grades of an column apple-tree of the Ukrainian selection and feature of placing of fruit formations on a trunk are presented. It is proved that flowering column passes apple-trees in a zone of the Right bank of the Western Forest-steppe in the same terms, as at an apple-tree ordinary and is intensive, amicable, simultaneous. Grouping of grades on weight of fruits is presented. The characteristic organoleptic qualities of fruits is given. The grade with the best flavouring and commodity qualities is allocated.

Results of studying of biometric parametres of trees grades of an column apple-tree of the Ukrainian selection and feature of placing of fruit formations on a trunk are presented. It is proved that flowering column passes apple-trees in a zone of the Right bank of the Western Forest-steppe in the same terms, as at an apple-tree ordinary and is intensive, amicable, simultaneous. Grouping of grades on weight of fruits is presented. The characteristic organoleptic qualities of fruits is given. The grade with the best flavouring and commodity qualities is allocated.

The article offers results of research on morphological characteristics and biological properties of blackberry, their inheritance, as well as stability and variability under the influence of agro-ecological conditions and stress factors of the environment with a view of recognizing, describing and identifying varieties undergoing official research and technical examination on DUS, which also could be used in the breeding process.

The article offers results of research on morphological characteristics and biological properties of blackberry, their inheritance, as well as stability and variability under the influence of agro-ecological conditions and stress factors of the environment with a view of recognizing, describing and identifying varieties undergoing official research and technical examination on DUS, which also could be used in the breeding process.