Varietal resources make one of the key national priorities. They pose themselves an outcome of intellectual effort by considerable society part - geneticists, breeders, physiologist, biochemists and biophysicists, immunologists and mathematicians, economists, ecologists and variety examiners.

The article offers results of research and biological peculiarities of varieties (hybrids) of sorghum vulgaris bicolor , their agro-economical value, heredity, stability and variability under the impact of environmental factors, as well as options for their use in distinguishing, describing and identifying genotypes in the course of qualifying examination of distinctness, uniformity and stability of varieties (hybrids).

The article highlights economical value of rape, an important bioenergy crop. It offers statistical data on rape hybrids release into the market.

The article reflects economical value of a valuable food crop, field pea used chiefly as a vegetable (Pisum sativum L partim), its origin and distribution both in the worldwide scale and in our country, establishment of its varietal resources. Exhausting description is provided to new varieties of pea used chiefly as a vegetable, which have been listed in the State Register of Varieties Suitable for Dissemination in Ukraine in 20010-2011 for the harvest in 2012, and for which official description is available.

The article offers results of determination of labor input and predicted costs for qualifying examination of distinctness, uniformity and stability for varieties of the legumes. That will facilitate cost optimization and enable planning expenditures on scientific and planning basis.

The article offers recent key research directions in the Institute for bioenergetic crops and sugar beet (former Sugar Beets Institute), as well as development of sugar beet breeding from many-seeded varieties to MS hybrids of the newest generations, research techniques; it sets up long-term tasks.

Breeding of columnar type apple varieties has been carried out at VNIISPK since 1984. The possibility of grow-ing of columnar type apple varieties in the crown of winter hardy semi-dwarf rootstock 3-4-98 by S. N. Stepanov’s   breeding is being studied in different density of planting   in the orchard (3 x 1,0 m; 3 x 1,5; and 3 x 2,0 m). The inves  tigation of winter hardiness, cropping power, fruit mar  ketability and biochemical composition allowed releasing two varieties «Poesia» and «Priokskoye» for state trials.

History of the genefond of the southern fruit cultures in the NBG-NSC, its structural composition and the results of breeding work performed on this basis has been given.